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arXiv:quant-ph/9811081 · Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

Exact solutions for the general nonstationary oscillator with a singular perturbation

D. A. Trifonov

Published Jan 1, 1999• 20 citations
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Abstract

Three linearly independent Hermitian invariants for the nonstationary generalized singular oscillator (SO) are constructed and their complex linear combination is diagonalized. The constructed family of eigenstates contains as subsets all previously obtained solutions for the SO and includes all Robertson and Schrödinger intelligent states for the three invariants. It is shown that the constructed analogues of the SU (1,1) group-related coherent states for the SO minimize the Robertson and Schrödinger uncertainty relations for the three invariants and for every pair of them simultaneously. The squeezing properties of the new states are briefly discussed.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/32/19/314

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Three linearly independent Hermitian invariants for the nonstationary generalized singular oscillator (SO) are constructed and their complex linear combination is diagonalized. The constructed family of eigenstates contains as subsets all previously obtained solutions for the SO and includes all Robertson and Schrödinger intelligent states for the three invariants. It is shown that the constructed analogues of the SU (1,1) group-related coherent states for the SO minimize the Robertson and Schrödinger uncertainty relations for the three invariants and for every pair of them simultaneously. The squeezing properties of the new states are briefly discussed.
Robertson intelligent states which minimize the Schr\" odinger-Robertson uncertainty relation are constructed as eigenstates of a linear combination of Weyl generators of the su(3)su(3)su(3) algebra. The construction is based on the analytic representations of su(3)su(3)su(3) coherent states. New classes of coherent and squeezed states are explicitly derived.
Three basic properties (eigenstate, orbit and intelligence) of the canonical squeezed states (SS) are extended to the case of n arbitrary observables. The SS for n observables X i can be constructed as eigenstates of their linear complex combinations or as states which minimize the Robertson uncertainty relation. When X i close a Lie algebra L the generalized SS could also be introduced as orbit of Aut ( L C ). It is shown that for the nilpotent algebra h N the three generalizations are equivalent. For the simple su (1, 1) the family of eigenstates of uK - + vK + ( K ± being lowering and raising operators) is a family of ideal K 1 – K 2 SS, but it cannot be represented as an Aut ( su C (1, 1) orbit although the SU (1, 1) group related coherent states (CS) with symmetry are contained in it. Eigenstates | z, u, v, w ; k ⟩ of general combination of uK - + vK + + wK 3 the three generators K j of SU (1, 1) in the representations with Bargman index k = 1/2, 1, ... , and k = 1/4, 3/4 are constructed and discussed in greater detail. These are ideal SS for K 1,2,3 . In the case of the one mode realization of su (1, 1) the nonclassical properties (sub-Poissonian statistics, quadrature squeezing) of the generalized even CS | z, u, v ; + ⟩ are demonstrated. The states | z, u, v, w ; k = 1/4, 3/4 ⟩ can exhibit strong both linear and quadratic squeezing.
For a time-dependent harmonic oscillator with an inverse squared singular term, we find the generalized invariant using the Lie algebra of SU(2)SU(2)SU(2) and construct the number-type eigenstates and the coherent states using the spectrum-generating Lie algebra of SU(1,1)SU(1,1)SU(1,1). We obtain the evolution operator in both of the Lie algebras. The number-type eigenstates and the coherent states are constructed group-theoretically for both the time-independent and the time-dependent harmonic oscillators with the singular term. It is shown that the squeeze operator transforms unitarily the time-dependent basis of the spectrum-generating Lie algebra of SU(1,1)SU(1,1)SU(1,1) for the generalized invariant, and thereby evolves the initial vacuum into a final coherent vacuum.
Abstract New families of time-dependent potentials related with the stationary singular oscillator are introduced. This is achieved after noticing that a nonstationary quantum invariant can be constructed for the singular oscillator. Such a quantum invariant depends on coefficients related to solutions of the Ermakov equation, where the latter guarantees the regularity of the solutions at each time. In this form, after applying the factorization method to the quantum invariant rather than to the Hamiltonian, one manages to introduce the time parameter into the transformation, leading to factorized operators that become the constants of motion for the new time-dependent Hamiltonians. At the appropriate limit, the initial quantum invariant reproduces the stationary singular oscillator Hamiltonian. Some families of stationary potentials already reported by other authors are also recovered as particular cases. A striking feature of the method is that the singular barrier of the potential can be managed to vanish, which leads to non-singular time-dependent potentials.