© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

Terms Privacy Legal Notice

arXiv:quant-ph/9710025 · Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Experimental issues in coherent quantum-state manipulation of trapped atomic ions

David J. Wineland, Christopher R. Monroe, Wayne M. Itano, Dietrich G. Leibfried, B. E. King, D. M. Meekhof

Published May 1, 1998• 1,495 citations

Abstract

Methods for, and limitations to, the generation of entangled states of trapped atomic ions are examined. As much as possible, state manipulations are described in terms of quantum logic operations since the conditional dynamics implicit in quantum logic is central to the creation of entanglement. Keeping with current interest, some experimental issues in the proposal for trappedion quantum computation by J. I. Cirac and P. Zoller (University of Innsbruck) are discussed. Several possible decoherence mechanisms are examined and what may be the more important of these are identified. Some potential applications for entangled states of trapped-ions which lie outside the immediate realm of quantum computation are also discussed.

DOI: 10.6028/jres.103.019

Related papers

Experimental Primer on the Trapped Ion Quantum Computer

D. J. Wineland, Christopher R. Monroe, W. M. Itano +5 more

The development of a quantum computer based on a system of trapped atomic ions is described, following the proposal of Cirac and Zoller. Initial results on a two-bit quantum logic gate are presented, and select experimental issues in scaling the system to larger numbers of ions and gates are treated.

Fortschritte der Physik•Jun 1, 1998•74 citations

Schemes of Quantum Computations with Trapped Ions

J. F. Poyatos, J. I. Cirac, P. Zoller

The purpose of this article is to review two complementary schemes for quantum computation with trapped ions. We initially discuss the first proposal of quantum computations with cold trapped ions (J. I. Cirac and P. Zoller; Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4091, 1995) which requires, prior to any computation, laser cooling to the motional ground state. This proposal is closely related to the physics of generating and manipulating N-particles entangled states in both ion traps and high-Q cavities (cavity quantum electrodynamics). The second scheme is that of quantum computations with hot trapped ions (J.F. Poyatos, J.I. Cirac and P. Zoller; Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1322, 1998) which works at finite temperature and resembles physical ideas found in atom interferometry.

Fortschritte der Physik•Sep 1, 2000•6 citations

Quantum Computation, Spectroscopy of Trapped Ions, and Schrodinger's Cat

David J. Wineland, Christopher R. Monroe, Wayne M. Itano +5 more

We summarize efforts at NIST to implement quantum computation using trapped ions, based on a scheme proposed by J.I. Cirac and P. Zoller (Innsbruck University). The use of quantum logic to create entangled states, which can maximize the quantum-limited signal-to-noise ratio in spectroscopy, is discussed.

arXiv:quant-ph/9809028•Sep 10, 1998•0 citations

Quantum State Manipulation Of Trapped Atomic Ions

David J. Wineland, Christopher R. Monroe, D. M. Meekhof +7 more

: A single laser-cooled and trapped Be ion is used to investigate methods of coherent 9 + quantum-state synthesis and quantum logic. We create and characterize nonclassical states of motion including "Schrödinger-cat" states. A fundamental quantum logic gate is realized which uses two states of the quantized ion motion and two ion internal states as qubits. We explore some of the applications for, and problems in realizing, quantum computation based on multiple trapped ions. V w V o 2 cos(6 T t) 1 # x 2 # y 2 R 2 , 2 (1) 1. INTRODUCTION Currently, a major theme in atomic, molecular, and optical physics is coherent control of quantum states. This theme is manifested in a number of topics such as atom interferometry, Bose-Einstein condensation and the atom laser, cavity QED, quantum computation, quantumstate engineering, wavepacket dynamics, and coherent control of chemical reactions. Here, we report related trapped-ion research at NIST which is devoted primarily to a...

•Jan 1, 1996•27 citations

Quantum computing with trapped ions, atoms and light

Andrew M. Steane

We consider experimental issues relevant to quantum computing, and discuss the best way to achieve the essential requirements of reliable quantum memory and gate operations. Nuclear spins in trapped ions or atoms are a very promising candidate for the qubits. We estimate the parameters required to couple atoms using light via cavity QED in order to achieve quantum gates. We briefly comment on recent improvements to the Cirac-Zoller method for coupling trapped ions via their vibrational degree of freedom. Error processes result in a trade-off between quantum gate speed and failure probability. A useful quantum computer does appear to be feasible using a combination of ion trap and optical methods. The best understood method to stabilize a large computer relies on quantum error correction. The essential ideas of this are discussed, and recent estimates of the noise requirements in a quantum computing device are given.

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2001•11 citations

Entangled quantum states of atomic systems

Igor Bargatin, B. A. Grishanin, Виктор Николаевич Задков

The current status of studies in the physics of entangled states of atomic systems — an interdisciplinary field involving quantum optics, quantum information, and the foundations of quantum mechanics — is reviewed. In the first part of the review, an introduction to the theory of entangled states is given, their properties and applications are described. In the second part, experiments on the creation and detection of entangled states in atomic systems are discussed along with associated experimental proposals for their refinement. Today's most advanced experimental technique for creating entangled ion states in an ion trap is considered, and promising methods focussed on the analogous states of neutral atoms are analyzed.

Physics-Uspekhi•Jun 30, 2001•61 citations

Methods for, and limitations to, the generation of entangled states of trapped atomic ions are examined. As much as possible, state manipulations are described in terms of quantum logic operations since the conditional dynamics implicit in quantum logic is central to the creation of entanglement. Keeping with current interest, some experimental issues in the proposal for trappedion quantum computation by J. I. Cirac and P. Zoller (University of Innsbruck) are discussed. Several possible decoherence mechanisms are examined and what may be the more important of these are identified. Some potential applications for entangled states of trapped-ions which lie outside the immediate realm of quantum computation are also discussed.

The purpose of this article is to review two complementary schemes for quantum computation with trapped ions. We initially discuss the first proposal of quantum computations with cold trapped ions (J. I. Cirac and P. Zoller; Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4091, 1995) which requires, prior to any computation, laser cooling to the motional ground state. This proposal is closely related to the physics of generating and manipulating N-particles entangled states in both ion traps and high-Q cavities (cavity quantum electrodynamics). The second scheme is that of quantum computations with hot trapped ions (J.F. Poyatos, J.I. Cirac and P. Zoller; Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1322, 1998) which works at finite temperature and resembles physical ideas found in atom interferometry.

: A single laser-cooled and trapped Be ion is used to investigate methods of coherent 9 + quantum-state synthesis and quantum logic. We create and characterize nonclassical states of motion including "Schrödinger-cat" states. A fundamental quantum logic gate is realized which uses two states of the quantized ion motion and two ion internal states as qubits. We explore some of the applications for, and problems in realizing, quantum computation based on multiple trapped ions. V w V o 2 cos(6 T t) 1 # x 2 # y 2 R 2 , 2 (1) 1. INTRODUCTION Currently, a major theme in atomic, molecular, and optical physics is coherent control of quantum states. This theme is manifested in a number of topics such as atom interferometry, Bose-Einstein condensation and the atom laser, cavity QED, quantum computation, quantumstate engineering, wavepacket dynamics, and coherent control of chemical reactions. Here, we report related trapped-ion research at NIST which is devoted primarily to a...

We consider experimental issues relevant to quantum computing, and discuss the best way to achieve the essential requirements of reliable quantum memory and gate operations. Nuclear spins in trapped ions or atoms are a very promising candidate for the qubits. We estimate the parameters required to couple atoms using light via cavity QED in order to achieve quantum gates. We briefly comment on recent improvements to the Cirac-Zoller method for coupling trapped ions via their vibrational degree of freedom. Error processes result in a trade-off between quantum gate speed and failure probability. A useful quantum computer does appear to be feasible using a combination of ion trap and optical methods. The best understood method to stabilize a large computer relies on quantum error correction. The essential ideas of this are discussed, and recent estimates of the noise requirements in a quantum computing device are given.

The current status of studies in the physics of entangled states of atomic systems — an interdisciplinary field involving quantum optics, quantum information, and the foundations of quantum mechanics — is reviewed. In the first part of the review, an introduction to the theory of entangled states is given, their properties and applications are described. In the second part, experiments on the creation and detection of entangled states in atomic systems are discussed along with associated experimental proposals for their refinement. Today's most advanced experimental technique for creating entangled ion states in an ion trap is considered, and promising methods focussed on the analogous states of neutral atoms are analyzed.