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arXiv:quant-ph/9511033 · Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

Coherent states for the hydrogen atom

John R Klauder

Published Jun 21, 1996• 140 citations
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Abstract

The long-standing problem of finding coherent states for the (bound state portion of the) hydrogen atom is positively resolved. The states in question (i) are normalized and parametrized continuously, (ii) admit a resolution of unity with a positive measure, and (iii) enjoy the property that the temporal evolution of any coherent state by the hydrogen atom Hamiltonian remains a coherent state for all time.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/29/12/002

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The long-standing problem of finding coherent states for the (bound state portion of the) hydrogen atom is positively resolved. The states in question (i) are normalized and parametrized continuously, (ii) admit a resolution of unity with a positive measure, and (iii) enjoy the property that the temporal evolution of any coherent state by the hydrogen atom Hamiltonian remains a coherent state for all time.
The long-standing problem of finding coherent states for the (bound state portion of the) hydrogen atom is positively resolved. The states in question: (i) are normalized and parameterized continuously, (ii) admit a resolution of unity with a positive measure, and (iii) enjoy the property that the temporal evolution of any coherent state by the hydrogen atom Hamiltonian remains a coherent state for all time. Harmonic-oscillator coherent states In modern terms, the distinguished set of states Schrodinger introduced for the harmonic oscillator 1 are now commonly known as coherent states 2 and are given, for all z 2 I C, by jzi j e (za y \\Gammaz a) j0i = e \\Gamma 1 2 jzj 2 1 X n=0 z n p n! jni; (1) where [a; a y ] = 1 as usual. Here jni; n = 0; 1; 2; : : :, denote normalized eigenstates of the number operator N , N jni = njni, which may be identified with the eigenstates of the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian H 0 = !N = !a y a (¯h = 1). As such it follows that ...
Klauder's recent generalization of the harmonic oscillator coherent states [J. Phys A 29, L293 (1996)], is applicable only in nondegenerate systems, requiring some additional structure if applied to systems with degeneracies. The author suggests how this structure could be added, and applies the complete method to the hydrogen atom problem. To illustrate how a certain degree of freedom in the construction may be exercised, states are constructed, which are initially localized and evolve semiclassically, and whose long time evolution exhibits ``fractional revivals.''
Majumdar and Sharatchandra recently proposed a set of ``coherent states'' for the hydrogen atom [Phys. Rev. A 56, R3322 (1997)]. These states satisfy some of the typical properties of coherent states, such as, for example, continuity in the parameters. The time evolution of these states is given by the classical evolution of the angle variables, and the expectation values of the quantum observables behave quasiclassically. However, those authors also claimed that, although one does not obtain exactly the same state after a Kepler period, the gross features of their wave packets do not change. We show that this is not correct, and that these wave packets do not remain localized on the classical variables, but spread rapidly over the Keplerian orbit. The localization properties of these states do not improve in the limit of large quantum numbers.