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arXiv:quant-ph/9506025 · Fortschritte der Physik/Progress of Physics

Holstein-Primakoff/Bogoliubov Transformations and the Multiboson System

Michael Martin Nieto, D. Rodney Truax

Published Jan 1, 1997• 37 citations

Abstract

As an aid to understanding the displacement operator definition of squeezed states for arbitrary systems, we investigate the properties of systems where there is a Holstein-Primakoff or Bogoliubov transformation. In these cases the ladder-operator or minimum-uncertainty definitions of squeezed states are equivalent to an extent displacement-operator definition. We exemplify this in a setting where there are operators satisfying [A, Aå] = 1, but the A's are not necessarily the Fock space a's; the multiboson system. It has been previously observed that the ground state of a system often can be shown to to be a coherent state. We demonstrate why this must be so. We close with a discussion of an alternative, effective definition of displacement-operator squeezed states.

DOI: 10.1002/prop.2190450204

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As an aid to understanding the displacement operator definition of squeezed states for arbitrary systems, we investigate the properties of systems where there is a Holstein-Primakoff or Bogoliubov transformation. In these cases the ladder-operator or minimum-uncertainty definitions of squeezed states are equivalent to an extent displacement-operator definition. We exemplify this in a setting where there are operators satisfying [A, Aå] = 1, but the A's are not necessarily the Fock space a's; the multiboson system. It has been previously observed that the ground state of a system often can be shown to to be a coherent state. We demonstrate why this must be so. We close with a discussion of an alternative, effective definition of displacement-operator squeezed states.

A set of deformed k-boson operators are defined and it is shown that the nonlinear transformations from the usual deformed oscillator operators to the deformed k-boson operators form an Abelian group. It is shown that the multiboson operators satisfy quantum Weyl–Heisenberg group. The generalized Holstein–Primakoff realizations in terms of these multibosons operators are used to define the quantum group-theoretic coherent states of SUq(1,1) and SUq(2). The uncertainties ΔX(k′,q) and ΔP(k′,q) with respect to those group-theoretic and generalized coherent states are computed explicitly and the results show that these coherent states are squeezed.

Both the coherent states and also the squeezed states of the harmonic oscillator have long been understood from the three classical points of view: the 1) displacement operator, 2) annihilation- (or ladder-) operator, and minimum-uncertainty methods. For general systems, there is the same understanding except for ladder-operator and displacement-operator squeezed states. After reviewing the known concepts, I propose a method for obtaining generalized minimum-uncertainty squeezed states, give examples, and relate it to known concepts. I comment on the remaining concept, that of general displacement-operator squeezed states.

We define a new set of squeezed states using group-theoretical methods. The definition is based on the Holstein-Primakoff realization of both SU(2) and SU(1,1). Generalizations of these realizations are presented, connected with the Brandt-Greenberg generalized Bose operators. The new states exhibit interesting squeezing properties, depending in a characteristic way on the dimension of the irreducible unitary representation adopted. We also discuss the asymptotic behavior and present a set of relevant numerical results. Unexpected and interesting scaling behavior appears.

By the complex multimode Bogoliubov transformation, we obtain the general forms of squeeze operators and squeezed states including squeezed vacuum states, squeezed coherent states, squeezed Fock states and squeezed coherent Fock states, for a general multimode boson system. We decompose the squeezed operator into disentangling form in normal ordering to simplify the expressions of the squeezed states. We also calculate the statistical properties of the SS. Furthermore we prove that if it is non-degenerate, a Bogoliubov transformation matrix can be decomposed into three basic matrix, by which we can not only check the criterion of the minimum uncertainty state (MUS) found by Milburn, but also prove that except the special cases, any multimode squeezed state is MUS after the original creation and annihilation operators rotate properly. We also discuss some special cases of the three basic matrices. Finally we give an analytical results of a two-mode system as an example.

Generalized q-boson operators associated with the simultaneous creation of several q-bosons are introduced. These operators give rise to a realization of the quantum Weyl-Heisenberg algebra and are applied to the construction of corresponding Holstein-Primakoff realizations of the quantum algebras SU q (2) and SU q (1,1). Coherent states of these algebras are defined in the various ways suggested by the equivalent definitions of the harmonic oscillator coherent states, and some of their properties are studied. Particular attention is devoted to the squeezing properties of the quadrature of the electromagnetic field in these states.