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arXiv:quant-ph/0703115 · Physical Review A

Control of photon propagation via electromagnetically induced transparency in lossless media

L. He, Yu-xi Liu, S. Yi, C. P. Sun, Franco Nori

Published Jun 19, 2007• 45 citations
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Abstract

We study the influence of a lossless material medium on the coherent storage and quantum-state transfer of a quantized probe light in an ensemble of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type atoms. The medium is modeled as uniformly distributed two-level atoms with the same energy level spacing, coupling to a probe light. This coupled system can be simplified to a collection of two-mode polaritons which couple to one transition of the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type atoms. We show that, when the other transition of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type atoms is controlled by a classical light, electromagnetically induced transparency can also occur for the polaritons. In this case the coherent storage and quantum transfer for photon states are achievable through novel dark states with respect to the polaritons. By calculating the corresponding dispersion relation, we find that the ensemble of three-level atoms with $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type transitions may serve as quantum memory for it slows or even stops light propagation through the mechanism of electromagnetically induced transparency.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.75.063818

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We study the influence of a lossless material medium on the coherent storage and quantum-state transfer of a quantized probe light in an ensemble of \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ-type atoms. The medium is modeled as uniformly distributed two-level atoms with the same energy level spacing, coupling to a probe light. This coupled system can be simplified to a collection of two-mode polaritons which couple to one transition of the \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ-type atoms. We show that, when the other transition of \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ-type atoms is controlled by a classical light, electromagnetically induced transparency can also occur for the polaritons. In this case the coherent storage and quantum transfer for photon states are achievable through novel dark states with respect to the polaritons. By calculating the corresponding dispersion relation, we find that the ensemble of three-level atoms with \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ-type transitions may serve as quantum memory for it slows or even stops light propagation through the mechanism of electromagnetically induced transparency.
An ideal and reversible transfer technique for the quantum state between light and metastable collective states of matter is presented and analyzed in detail. The method is based on the control of photon propagation in coherently driven three-level atomic media, in which the group velocity is adiabatically reduced to zero. Form-stable coupled excitations of light and matter (``dark-state polaritons'') associated with the propagation of quantum fields in electromagnetically induced transparency are identified, their basic properties discussed and their application for quantum memories for light analyzed.
We study the propagation of a quantum probe light in an ensemble of 3+1-level atoms when the atoms are coupled to two other classical control fields. First we calculate the dispersion properties, such as susceptibility and group velocity, of the probe light within such an atomic medium under the case of three-photon resonance via the dynamical algebra method of collective atomic excitations. Then we calculate the dispersion of the probe light not only under the case that two classical control fields have the same detunings to the relative atomic transitions but also under the case that they have the different detunings. Our results show in both cases the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency can accur. Especially use the second case, we can find two transparency windows for the probe light.
We analyze electromagnetically induced transparency and light storage in an ensemble of atoms with multiple excited levels (multi-$\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ configuration) which are coupled to one of the ground states by quantized signal fields and to the other one via classical control fields. We present a basis transformation of atomic and optical states which reduces the analysis of the system to that of electromagnetically induced transparency in a regular three-level configuration. We demonstrate the existence of dark state polaritons and propose a protocol to transfer quantum information from one optical mode to another by an adiabatic control of the control fields.
We examine electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an ensemble of cold $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type atoms induced by a quantum control field in multimode coherent states and compare it with the transparency created by the classical light of the same intensity. We show that the perfect coincidence is achieved only in the case of a single-mode coherent state, whereas the transparency sharply decreases, when the number of the modes exceeds the mean number of control photons in the medium. The origin of the effect is the modification of photon statistics in the control field with increasing the number of the modes that weakens its interaction with atoms resulting in a strong probe absorption. For the same reason, the probe pulse transforms from EIT-based slow light into superluminal propagation caused by the absorption.
In this paper, we propose and study a hybrid mechanism for coherent transmission of photons in the coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW) by incorporating the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect into the controllable band gap structure of the CROW. Here, the configuration setup of system consists of a CROW with homogeneous couplings and the artificial atoms with $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type three levels doped in each cavity. The roles of three levels are completely considered based on a mean field approach where the collection of three-level atoms collectively behave as two-mode spin waves. We show that the dynamics of low excitations of atomic ensemble can be effectively described by a coupling boson model. The exact solutions show that the light pulses can be stopped and stored coherently by adiabatically controlling the classical field.