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arXiv:quant-ph/0608208 · Laser Physics Letters

Generation of three-qubit entangled states using coupled multi-quantum dots

Mahmoud Abdel‐Aty, Mohamed Ridza Wahiddin, A.‐S. F. Obada

Published Jan 4, 2007• 7 citations
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Abstract

We discuss a mechanism for generating a maximum entangled state (Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ)) in a coupled quantum dots system, based on analytical techniques. The reliable generation of such states is crucial for implementing solid-state based quantum information schemes. The signature originates from a remarkably weak field pulse or a far off-resonance effects which could be implemented using technology that is currently being developed. The results are illustrated with an application to a specific wide-gap semiconductor quantum dots system, like Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) based quantum dots.

DOI
10.1002/lapl.200610126

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We discuss a mechanism for generating a maximum entangled state (Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ)) in a coupled quantum dots system, based on analytical techniques. The reliable generation of such states is crucial for implementing solid-state based quantum information schemes. The signature originates from a remarkably weak field pulse or a far off-resonance effects which could be implemented using technology that is currently being developed. The results are illustrated with an application to a specific wide-gap semiconductor quantum dots system, like Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) based quantum dots.
We show that excitons in coupled quantum dots are ideal candidates for reliable preparation of entangled states in solid-state systems. An optically controlled exciton transfer process is shown to lead to the generation of Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states in systems comprising two and three coupled dots, respectively. The strength and duration of selective light pulses for producing maximally entangled states are identified by both analytic and full numerical solution of the quantum dynamical equations. Experimental requirements to build such entangled states are discussed.
In this paper, we present a proof of principle of the formation of pure maximally entangled states from the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) class, in the experimental context of charged quantum dots. Each qubit must be identified as a pair of quantum dots, sharing an excess electron, coupled by tunneling. The electron-electron interaction is accounted for and is responsible for the coupling between the qubits. The interplay between coherent tunneling events and many-body interaction gives rise to the formation of highly entangled states. We begin by treating the problem of encoding three qubits in a system with three pairs of quantum dots, and the numerical analysis of the exact quantum dynamics to find the conditions for the generation of the GHZ states. An effective two-level model sheds light on the role of a high-order tunneling process behind the dynamics. The action of the main decoherence process, the charge dephasing, is quantified in the process. We then evaluate the physical requirements for the dynamical generation of GHZ states in an NNN-qubit scenario, and its challenges.
A major question for condensed matter physics is whether a solid-state quantum computer can ever be built. Here we discuss two different schemes for quantum information processing using semiconductor nanostructures. First, we show how optically driven coupled quantum dots can be used to prepare maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states by varying the strength and duration of selective light pulses. The setup allows us to perform an all-optical generation of the quantum teleportation of an excitonic state in an array of coupled quantum dots. Second, we give a proposal for reliable implementation of quantum logic gates and long decoherence times in a quantum dots system based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), where the nuclear resonance is controlled by the ground state transitions of few-electron QDs in an external magnetic field. The dynamical evolution of these systems in the presence of environmentally-induced decoherence effects is also discussed.
Optically controlled exciton dynamics in coupled quantum dots is studied. We show that the maximally entangled Bell states and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states can be robustly generated by manipulating the system parameters to be at the avoided crossings in the eigenenergy spectrum. The analysis of population transfer is systematically carried out by using a dressed-state picture. In addition to the quantum dot configuration that has been discussed by Quiroga and Johnson [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2270 (1999)], we show that the GHZ states also may be produced in a ray of three quantum dots with a shorter generation time.
We show how optically driven coupled quantum dots can be used to prepare maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. Manipulation of the strength and duration of the selective light pulses needed for producing these highly entangled states provides us with crucial elements for the processing of solid-state-based quantum information. Theoretical predictions suggest that several hundred single quantum bit rotations and controlled-NOT gates could be performed before decoherence of the excitonic states takes place.