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arXiv:quant-ph/0512020

An Interaction-Free Quantum Shutter

Juan Carlos García-Escartín, Pedro Chamorro‐Posada

Published Dec 2, 2005• 0 citations
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Abstract

We give a proposal for the physical implementation of a quantum shutter. This shutter is a mechanism able to close the passage of light through a slit when present. As it must be a quantum mechanical object, able to show superposition, interesting quantum effects are observed. Finally, we review some applications of the quantum shutter to build quantum memories and a CNOT gate.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0512020

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We give a proposal for the physical implementation of a quantum shutter. This shutter is a mechanism able to close the passage of light through a slit when present. As it must be a quantum mechanical object, able to show superposition, interesting quantum effects are observed. Finally, we review some applications of the quantum shutter to build quantum memories and a CNOT gate.
The interference between two paths of a single photon at a double slit is widely considered to be the most paradoxical result of quantum theory. Here is a new interesting question to the phenomenon: can a single shutter simultaneously close two slits by effectively being in a superposition of different locations? Aharonov and Vaidman have shown that it is indeed possible to construct a quantum shutter that can close two slits and reflect a probe photon perfectly when its initial and final states are appropriately selected. Here we report the experimental demonstration of their proposal overcoming the difficulty to realize a 'quantum shutter' by employing photonic quantum routers. The reflectance ratio of 0.61 ± 0.027 surpasses the classical limit with 4.1 standard deviation, shedding new light on the unusual physical properties of quantum operations. This experimental demonstration, where the strong measurement and non-local superposition seem co-existing, provides an alternative to weak measurements as a way to explore the nature of quantum physics.
Summary form only given. The interference between two paths of a single photon at a double slit is widely considered to be the most paradoxical result of quantum theory. Here is a new interesting question to the phenomenon: Can a single shutter simultaneously close two slits by effectively being in a superposition of different locations? Aharonov and Vaidman have shown that it is indeed possible to construct a quantum shutter that can close two slits and reflect a probe photon perfectly when its initial and final states are appropriately selected [1]. Here we report the experimental demonstration of their proposal overcoming the difficulty to realize a quantum shutter' by employing photonic quantum routers [2]. The reflectance ratio of 0.61 ± 0.027 surpasses the classical limit with 4.1 standard deviation, shedding new light on the unusual physical properties of quantum operations. This experimental demonstration, where the strong measurement and non-local superposition seem co-existing, provides an alternative to weak measurements as a way to explore the nature of quantum physics.
Quantum computation has attracted much attention, among other things, due to its potentialities to solve classical NP problems in polynomial time. For this reason, there has been a growing interest to build a quantum computer. One of the basic steps is to implement the quantum circuit able to realize a given unitary operation. This task has been solved using decomposition of unitary matrices in simpler ones till reach quantum circuits having only single-qubits and CNOTs gates. Usually the goal is to find the minimal quantum circuit able to solve a given problem. In this paper we go in a different direction. We propose a general quantum circuit able to implement any specific quantum circuit by just setting correctly the parameters. In other words, we propose a programmable quantum circuit. This opens the possibility to construct a real quantum computer where several different quantum operations can be realized in the same hardware. The configuration is proposed and its optical implementation is discussed.
In this paper, we propose a new direction of research for the realization of the quantum controlled-not gate based on a technique called ``interaction-free measurement'', where qubits are two-level atoms (or ions) and information is mediated from one qubit to another by lasers in superpositions of πππ and 2π2π2π pulses. We investigate the advantages and limitations of such a gate and discuss possible applicability.