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arXiv:quant-ph/0412017 · Physical Review Letters

Experimental Realization of Optimal Asymmetric Cloning and Telecloning via Partial Teleportation

Zhi Zhao, An‐Ning Zhang, Xiaoqi Zhou, Yu-Ao Chen, Chao‐Yang Lu, Anders Karlsson, Jian-Wei Pan

Published Jul 13, 2005• 103 citations
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Abstract

We report an experimental realization of both optimal asymmetric cloning and telecloning of single photons by making use of partial teleportation of an unknown state. In the experiment, we demonstrate that, conditioned on the success of partial teleportation of single photons, not only the optimal asymmetric cloning can be accomplished, but also one of two outputs can be transferred to a distant location, realizing the telecloning. The experimental results represent a novel way to achieve quantum cloning and may have potential applications in the context of quantum communication.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.95.030502

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We report an experimental realization of both optimal asymmetric cloning and telecloning of single photons by making use of partial teleportation of an unknown state. In the experiment, we demonstrate that, conditioned on the success of partial teleportation of single photons, not only the optimal asymmetric cloning can be accomplished, but also one of two outputs can be transferred to a distant location, realizing the telecloning. The experimental results represent a novel way to achieve quantum cloning and may have potential applications in the context of quantum communication.
We propose a feasible scheme of conditional quantum partial teleportation of a qubit as optimal asymmetric cloning at a distance. In this scheme, Alice preserves one imperfect clone whereas other clone is teleported to Bob. Fidelities of the clones can be simply controlled by an asymmetry in Bell-state measurement. The optimality means that tightest inequality for the fidelities in the asymmetric cloning is saturated. Further we design a conditional teleportation as symmetric optimal $N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}N+1$ cloning from NNN Alice's replicas on single distant clone. We shortly discussed two feasible experimental implementations, first one for teleportation of polarization state of a photon and second one for teleportation of a time-bin qubit.
We propose two feasible experimental implementations of an optimal asymmetric $1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2$ quantum cloning of a polarization state of photon. Both implementations are based on a partial and optimal reverse of recent conditional symmetrical quantum cloning experiments. The reversion procedure is performed only by a local measurement of one from the clones and ancilla followed by a local operation on the other clone. The local measurement consists only of a single unbalanced beam splitter followed in one output by a single-photon detector and the asymmetry of fidelities in the cloning is controlled by a reflectivity of the beam splitter.
We propose a protocol implementing optimal partial deterministic quantum teleportation for qubits. This is a teleportation scheme realizing deterministically an optimal $1\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2$ asymmetric universal cloning where one imperfect copy of the input state emerges at the sender's station while the other copy emerges at receiver's possibly distant station. The optimality means that the fidelities of the copies saturate the asymmetric cloning inequality. The performance of the protocol relies on the partial deterministic nondemolition Bell measurement that allows us to continuously control the flow of information among the outgoing qubits. We also demonstrate that the measurement is optimal two-qubit operation in the sense of the trade-off between the state disturbance and the information gain.
Telecloning -- the combination of quantum teleportation and cloning -- offers a powerful mechanism to disseminate unknown quantum states to multiple spatially separated recipients with optimal fidelity. Despite its conceptual importance for quantum networks, an experimental demonstration of symmetric qubit quantum telecloning remains elusive, particularly due to the challenges of generating multipartite entangled resource states and implementing stable multi-photon interference across distributed nodes. Here, we realize the optimal 1 to 2 symmetric quantum telecloning using a scalable silicon photonic platform. We implement a six-photon protocol using two independent, fiber-linked photonic chips: one generating a heralded input state and the other preparing a four-photon entangled resource state. By performing an interchip Bell-state measurement, we successfully distribute the input state into two optimal clones at remote nodes. We observe an interchip cloning fidelity of 78.45 ±\pm± 1.39%, exceeding the classical limit of 2/3 by 8 standard deviations. Our results demonstrate the robust generation and manipulation of complex multi-photon states between integrated chips, providing a foundational building block for large-scale multi-party quantum networks.
While exact cloning of an unknown quantum state is prohibited by the linearity of quantum mechanics, approximate cloning is possible and has been used, e.g., to derive limits on the security of quantum communication protocols. In the case of asymmetric cloning, the information from the input state is distributed asymmetrically between the different output states. Here, we consider asymmetric phase-covariant cloning, where the goal is to optimally transfer the phase information from a single input qubit to different output qubits. We construct an optimal quantum cloning machine for two qubits that does not require ancilla qubits and implement it on an NMR quantum information processor.