Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:quant-ph/0411121

Excited Field of Particle in Quantum Theory

Gang Zhao

Published Nov 17, 2004• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A model about excited field of a particle is discussed. We found this model will give wave-particle duality clearly and its Lagrangian is consistent with Quantum Theory. A new interpretation of quantum mechanics but not statistical interpretation[1] is presented.
DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0411121

Related papers

On the Only Fields interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

Moses Fayngold

The wave particle duality, while being supported by overwhelming scientific evidence, is now claimed outdated by some physics professionals. They declare that the Quantum Field Theory allows only field aspect of reality. Presented below are the arguments showing that the Quantum Field Theory embraces the whole range of the Field-Particle Duality with both its extremes. We also discuss the important new experiments which reinforce the particle side of the story and thereby confirm the Field-Particle Duality. Key words: Fields, Particles, Reconfiguration, Quantum Nonlocality.

arXiv:2111.07242•Nov 14, 2021•0 citations

A Field-First Interpretation of Wave-Particle Duality

Srikar R

This preprint presents a field-first interpretation of wave-particle duality grounded in the ontology of Quantum Field Theory (QFT). The framework treats quantum fields as the fundamental ontology of physical reality, while particles are understood as excitation states of their respective fields. Wave-like phenomena, including interference, diffraction, tunneling, and coherence effects, are interpreted as arising from the propagation and interaction dynamics of these excitations rather than from an independent wave ontology. The central thesis is that wave-particle duality does not represent two distinct physical realities, but rather different observational regimes of a single field-based process. Localized interactions appear particle-like, while propagation and interference phenomena appear wave-like. This interpretation is fully consistent with the existing mathematical formalism of Quantum Field Theory and does not introduce new physical laws or modifications to established quantum mechanics. The purpose of this work is interpretive and conceptual. It aims to provide a clearer ontological framework for understanding the relationship between quantum fields, particles, and wave-like behavior while reducing the conceptual ambiguity traditionally associated with wave-particle duality. This document represents the initial preprint release of the field-first interpretation framework.

•May 31, 2026•0 citations

Review on the physical basis of wave–particle duality: Conceptual connection between quantum mechanics and the Maxwell theory

Donald C. Chang

A well-known mystery in quantum mechanics is wave–particle duality: Is an electron a point mass or a physical wave? What is the physical meaning of its wave function? About a hundred years ago, there was a famous debate between Bohr and Einstein on this topic. Their question is still open today. This paper reviews a new theoretical framework to address this problem. Here, it is hypothesized that both photons and electrons are quantized excitation waves of the vacuum, the physical properties of which can be modeled based on the Maxwell theory. Using the method of Helmholtz decomposition, one can show that the wave function of the particle is associated with an electric vector potential called “ Z”, which plays the role of basic field for the excitation wave. Using this framework, the quantum wave equations can be derived based on a quantization of the Maxwell theory. This work suggests that, the quantum wave function truly represents a physical wave; the wave packet looks like a “particle” only in the macroscopic view. Because the vacuum excitation obeys the principle of all-or-none, the probability of detecting this “particle” is related to the wave function as suggested in the Copenhagen interpretation.

Modern Physics Letters B•May 5, 2021•17 citations

Lagrangian Formulation for Particle Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics

Roderick I. Sutherland

A Lagrangian description is presented here that can be used in conjunction with a particle interpretation of quantum mechanics. The advantages of this description are that the field equations and the particle equations of motion can both be deduced from a single Lagrangian density expression and that conservation of energy and momentum are assured. This Lagrangian formulation is then applied to the special case of the well-known Bohm model as an example. It is thereby demonstrated that such a formulation is compatible with the predictions of quantum mechanics.

•Nov 13, 2014•0 citations

A REFORMULATION OF QUANTUM MECHANICS

Saul Youssef

We show that the phenomena explained by quantum mechanics can alternatively be explained as a breakdown of probability theory without the need for wave-particle duality or the idea that a particle does not have a unique path in space. The single-particle Lagrangian consistent with the reformulated quantum mechanics is derived and specialized to the Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon theories. The usual paradoxes of quantum mechanics are explained. A connection to gravity is proposed. Probability theory is restored in the classical limit.

Modern Physics Letters A•Jan 30, 1991•21 citations

Wave – particle duality interpretation: de brogile equation criticisms

Alois Matorevhu

The development of the quantum theory has been on -going for many years.The wave -particle duality has been and is central to debates among physicists, in their endeavor to understand and bring more insight about the quantum theory.In this paper attempts by physicists to clarify the wave -particle duality are discussed.The wave or particle or both state of matter is analyzed, followed by discussion on the criticisms on de Broglie equation.Lastly, the paper concludes that debates on the wave -particle duality will continue since there is no consensus yet among physicists, and that experimental evidence should be given to substantiate claims.

Physics & Astronomy International Journal•Dec 15, 2020•1 citation
The wave particle duality, while being supported by overwhelming scientific evidence, is now claimed outdated by some physics professionals. They declare that the Quantum Field Theory allows only field aspect of reality. Presented below are the arguments showing that the Quantum Field Theory embraces the whole range of the Field-Particle Duality with both its extremes. We also discuss the important new experiments which reinforce the particle side of the story and thereby confirm the Field-Particle Duality. Key words: Fields, Particles, Reconfiguration, Quantum Nonlocality.
This preprint presents a field-first interpretation of wave-particle duality grounded in the ontology of Quantum Field Theory (QFT). The framework treats quantum fields as the fundamental ontology of physical reality, while particles are understood as excitation states of their respective fields. Wave-like phenomena, including interference, diffraction, tunneling, and coherence effects, are interpreted as arising from the propagation and interaction dynamics of these excitations rather than from an independent wave ontology. The central thesis is that wave-particle duality does not represent two distinct physical realities, but rather different observational regimes of a single field-based process. Localized interactions appear particle-like, while propagation and interference phenomena appear wave-like. This interpretation is fully consistent with the existing mathematical formalism of Quantum Field Theory and does not introduce new physical laws or modifications to established quantum mechanics. The purpose of this work is interpretive and conceptual. It aims to provide a clearer ontological framework for understanding the relationship between quantum fields, particles, and wave-like behavior while reducing the conceptual ambiguity traditionally associated with wave-particle duality. This document represents the initial preprint release of the field-first interpretation framework.
A well-known mystery in quantum mechanics is wave–particle duality: Is an electron a point mass or a physical wave? What is the physical meaning of its wave function? About a hundred years ago, there was a famous debate between Bohr and Einstein on this topic. Their question is still open today. This paper reviews a new theoretical framework to address this problem. Here, it is hypothesized that both photons and electrons are quantized excitation waves of the vacuum, the physical properties of which can be modeled based on the Maxwell theory. Using the method of Helmholtz decomposition, one can show that the wave function of the particle is associated with an electric vector potential called “ Z”, which plays the role of basic field for the excitation wave. Using this framework, the quantum wave equations can be derived based on a quantization of the Maxwell theory. This work suggests that, the quantum wave function truly represents a physical wave; the wave packet looks like a “particle” only in the macroscopic view. Because the vacuum excitation obeys the principle of all-or-none, the probability of detecting this “particle” is related to the wave function as suggested in the Copenhagen interpretation.
A Lagrangian description is presented here that can be used in conjunction with a particle interpretation of quantum mechanics. The advantages of this description are that the field equations and the particle equations of motion can both be deduced from a single Lagrangian density expression and that conservation of energy and momentum are assured. This Lagrangian formulation is then applied to the special case of the well-known Bohm model as an example. It is thereby demonstrated that such a formulation is compatible with the predictions of quantum mechanics.
We show that the phenomena explained by quantum mechanics can alternatively be explained as a breakdown of probability theory without the need for wave-particle duality or the idea that a particle does not have a unique path in space. The single-particle Lagrangian consistent with the reformulated quantum mechanics is derived and specialized to the Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon theories. The usual paradoxes of quantum mechanics are explained. A connection to gravity is proposed. Probability theory is restored in the classical limit.
The development of the quantum theory has been on -going for many years.The wave -particle duality has been and is central to debates among physicists, in their endeavor to understand and bring more insight about the quantum theory.In this paper attempts by physicists to clarify the wave -particle duality are discussed.The wave or particle or both state of matter is analyzed, followed by discussion on the criticisms on de Broglie equation.Lastly, the paper concludes that debates on the wave -particle duality will continue since there is no consensus yet among physicists, and that experimental evidence should be given to substantiate claims.