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arXiv:quant-ph/0408093 · Optics Communications

Heralding single photons from pulsed parametric down-conversion

T. B. Pittman, B. C. Jacobs, J. D. Franson

Published Dec 12, 2004• 141 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2004.11.027

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We describe an experiment in which photon pairs from a pulsed parametric down-conversion (PDC) source were coupled into single-mode fibers with heralding efficiencies as high as 70%. Heralding efficiency or mode preparation efficiency is defined as the probability of finding a photon in a fiber in a definite state, given the detection of its twin. Heralding efficiencies were obtained for a range of down-conversion beam-size configurations. Analysis of spatial and spectral mode selection, and their mutual correlation, provides a practical guide for engineering PDC-produced single photons in a definite mode and spectral emission band. The spectrum of the heralded photons were measured for each beam configuration, to determine the interplay between transverse momentum and spectral entanglement on the preparation efficiency.
We describe two experiments in which photon pairs from a parametric down-conversion source are efficiently coupled into single-mode fibers, and estimation of the heralding efficiency is attempted. One experiment is based on a pulsed pump configuration in a bulk crystal and the other experiment on a CW periodically poled downconverter. The heralding and heralded photons were analyzed spectrally by a monochromator to determine the effect of the correlation between spectral and spatial mode-matching in the heralding efficiency. Moreover, we theoretically model the heralding efficiency of both bulk and periodically poled crystals. Analysis of spatial and spectral mode selection, and their mutual correlation, allows controlled engineering of the spectral and spatial emission modes of PDC single photons.