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arXiv:quant-ph/0408033 · Physical Review A

Realizing quantum controlled phase flip through cavity QED

Yun‐Feng Xiao, Xiu‐Min Lin, Jie Gao, Yong Yang, Zheng‐Fu Han, Guang‐Can Guo

Published Oct 25, 2004• 129 citations
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Abstract

We propose a scheme to realize quantum controlled phase flip (CPF) between two rare-earth ions embedded in the respective microsphere cavity via interacting with a single-photon pulse in sequence. The numerical simulations illuminate that the CPF gate between ions is robust and scalable with extremely high fidelity and low error rate. Our scheme is more applicable than other schemes presented before based on current laboratory cavity-QED technology, and it is possible to be used as an applied unit gate in future quantum computation and quantum communication.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.70.042314

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We propose a basic scheme to construct a hybrid controlled phase-flip (CPF) gate between a flying pulse qubit and a stationary atomic qubit, assisted by a cavity input–output process for a low-Q cavity in the atom–cavity intermediate coupling region. The qubits can be encoded on the coherent states and ground states of the single-trapped L-level atom, respectively. We present a theoretical model of the hybrid CPF gate, whose basic strategy is to control the reflectivity of the input coherent optical pulse to obtain a phase shift conditioned by the different internal atomic states by adjusting the parameters of the cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) system. The resulting basic scheme can be used to construct nonlocal gates between remote atomic qubits confined in spatially separated cavities, and also for the generation of an atomic cluster state. The performance and experimental feasibilities of the proposed scheme indicate that it is robust against practical noise and feasible with current technologies. Thus, our scheme is applicable for use in large-scale quantum computation.
High-dimensional quantum systems have been used to reveal interesting fundamental physics and to improve information capacity and noise resilience in quantum information processing. However, it remains a significant challenge to realize universal two-photon quantum gates in high dimensions with high success probability. Here, by considering an ion-cavity QED system, we theoretically propose, to the best of our knowledge, the first high-dimensional, deterministic, and universal two-photon quantum gate. By using an optical cavity embedded with a single trapped Ca + 40 ion, we achieve a high average fidelity larger than 98% for a quantum controlled phase-flip gate in four-dimensional space, spanned by photonic spin angular momenta and orbital angular momenta. Our proposed system can be an essential building block for high-dimensional quantum information processing, and also provides a platform for studying high-dimensional cavity QED. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Large-scale quantum computation is currently a hot area of research. The scalable quantum computation scheme with cavities originally proposed by Duan and Kimble ( Phys. Rev. Lett. , 92 (2004) 127902) is further developed here to operate in the intermediate coupling region, which not only greatly relaxes experimental demands on the Purcell factor, but also eliminates the need to consider internal trade-off between cavity quality and efficiency. In our scheme, by controlling the reflectivity of the input single-photon pulse in the cavity, we can realize local atom-photon and nonlocal atom-atom controlled phase-flip (CPF) gates. We also introduce a theoretical model to analyze the performance of our scheme under practical noise. Furthermore, we show that the nonlocal CPF gate can be used to realize a quantum repeater.