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arXiv:quant-ph/0407248 · International Journal of Quantum Information

A QUANTUM TELEPORTATION GAME

Stefano Pirandola

Published Dec 16, 2004• 18 citations
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Abstract

We investigate a game where a sender (Alice) teleports coherent states to two receivers (Bob and Charlie) through a tripartite Gaussian state. The aim of the receivers is to optimize their teleportation fidelities by means of local operations and classical communications. We show that a non-cooperative strategy corresponding to the standard telecloning protocol can be outperformed by a cooperative strategy which gives rise to a novel (cooperative) telecloning protocol.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749905000815

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We investigate a game where a sender (Alice) teleports coherent states to two receivers (Bob and Charlie) through a tripartite Gaussian state. The aim of the receivers is to optimize their teleportation fidelities by means of local operations and classical communications. We show that a non-cooperative strategy corresponding to the standard telecloning protocol can be outperformed by a cooperative strategy which gives rise to a novel (cooperative) telecloning protocol.
We consider an arbitrary continuous-variable three-party Gaussian quantum state which is used to perform quantum teleportation of a pure Gaussian state between two of the parties (Alice and Bob). In turn, the third party (Charlie) can condition the process by means of local operations and classical communication. We find the best measurement that Charlie can implement on his own mode that preserves the Gaussian character of the three-mode state and optimizes the teleportation fidelity between Alice and Bob.
We suggest a method for teleporting an unknown quantum state. In this method the sender Alice first uses a Controlled-Not operation on the particle in the unknown quantum state and an ancillary particle which she wants to send to the receiver Bob. Then she sends ancillary particle to Bob. When Alice is informed by Bob that the ancillary particle is received, she performs a local measurement on the particle and sends Bob the outcome of the local measurement via a classical channel. Depending on the outcome Bob can restore the unknown quantum state, which Alice destroyed, on the ancillary particle successfully. As an application of this method we propose a quantum secure direct communication protocol.
Quantum teleportation is a fundamental protocol enabling the transfer of quantum states between remote nodes without physical transmission. As the Quantum Internet evolves, optimizing quantum teleportation becomes crucial due to entanglement degradation, resource constraints, and network efficiency. This paper proposes a game-theoretic framework for managing quantum teleportation by modeling quantum nodes as rational agents competing or cooperating to maximize teleportation fidelity and entanglement utility. We introduce cooperative and non-cooperative game models, analyze Nash equilibrium strategies for teleportation efficiency, and propose a Shapley-value-based entanglement allocation for fair resource distribution. Our system model incorporates graph-theoretic representations of quantum networks, utility functions, and incentive mechanisms to encourage efficient teleportation strategies. A Qiskit-based simulation evaluates teleportation fidelity and resource efficiency, comparing game-theoretic strategies with classical resource allocation methods. Our findings demonstrate that game-theoretic approaches significantly enhance teleportation efficiency, entanglement utilization, and robustness in a dynamic Quantum Internet environment.
We study the Braunstein-Kimble protocol for the continuous variable teleportation of a coherent state. We determine lower and upper bounds for the optimal fidelity of teleportation, maximized over all local Gaussian operations for a given entanglement of the two-mode Gaussian state shared by the sender (Alice) and the receiver (Bob). We also determine the optimal local transformations at Alice and Bob sites and the corresponding maximum fidelity when one restricts to local trace-preserving Gaussian completely positive maps.
We present a controlled quantum teleportation protocol. In the protocol, quantum information of an unknown state of a 2-level particle is faithfully transmitted from a sender Alice to a remote receiver Bob via an initially shared triplet of entangled particles under the control of the supervisor Charlie. The distributed entangled particles shared by Alice, Bob and Charlie function as a quantum information channel for faithful transmission. We also propose a controlled and secure direct communication scheme by means of this teleportation. After ensuring the security of the quantum channel, Alice encodes the secret message directly on a sequence of particle states and transmits them to Bob supervised by Charlie using this controlled quantum teleportation. Bob can read out the encoded message directly by the measurement on his qubit. In this scheme, the controlled quantum teleportation transmits Alice's message without revealing any information to a potential eavesdropper. Because there is not a transmission of the qubit carrying the secret message between Alice and Bob in the public channel, it is completely secure for controlled and direct secret communication if perfect quantum channel is used. The special feature of this scheme is that the communication between two sides depends on the agreement of a third side to co-operate.
The average fidelity of the teleportation of coherent states is calculated for general Gaussian bipartite systems shared by the partners of the protocol, Alice and Bob. It is considered that the shared Gaussian bipartite modes suffer independent attenuations before the processing of Alice and Bob. In addition, the classical communication between the partners can be controlled by a gain not necessarily unitary. Comparing with the classical fidelity threshold of measure-and-prepare methods, we establish several genuinely quantum teleportation conditions which depend on the gain and the local attenuations. If the gain can be tuned to maximize the bipartite state set capable of performing genuinely quantum teleportation, then a condition for teleportation robust against local attenuations is found. This condition is demonstrated to be essentially equivalent to the condition of robust Gaussian bipartite entanglement, obtained in previous articles, showing that the robustness against attenuations is an entanglement property relevant for characterization and application of bipartite systems. For the derivation of the robust teleportation conditions, the Gaussian operations onto the bipartite system are thoroughly studied, so that the transformations that maintain the fidelity invariant are found. Some scenarios for different Gaussian bipartite states are presented and discussed.