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arXiv:quant-ph/0407147

Jensen-Shannon divergence, Fisher information, and Wootters' hypothesis

M. Casas, Pedro W. Lamberti, Angel Ricardo Plastino, Angel Ricardo Plastino

Published Jul 19, 2004• 1 citation
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Abstract

We discuss different statistical distances in probability space, with emphasis on the Jensen-Shannon divergence, vis-a-vis {\it metrics} in Hilbert space and their relationship with Fisher's information measure. This study provides further reconfirmation of Wootters' hypothesis concerning the possibility that statistical fluctuations in the outcomes of measurements be regarded (at least partly) as responsible for the Hilbert-space structure of quantum mechanics.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0407147

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We discuss different statistical distances in probability space, with emphasis on the Jensen-Shannon divergence, vis-a-vis {\it metrics} in Hilbert space and their relationship with Fisher's information measure. This study provides further reconfirmation of Wootters' hypothesis concerning the possibility that statistical fluctuations in the outcomes of measurements be regarded (at least partly) as responsible for the Hilbert-space structure of quantum mechanics.
The question of distinguishability of quantum states is at the heart of quantum information processing, an issue is here addressed with reference to different distances in probability space vis-a-vis metrics in Hilbert's one. We provide further reconfirmation of Wootters' hypothesis: the possibility that statistical fluctuations in the outcomes of measurements be regarded as responsible for the Hilbert-space structure of quantum mechanics, a view that becomes here considerably strengthened. We show that distances between neighboring states, whether of statistical or Hilbert's metric origin, have as a lower bound Fisher's measure, up to second-order approximation. As a consequence, the structure of the vicinitv of a given quantum state is to a large extent determined by the fluctuations of the pertinent observables. It is also shown that Tsallis' non-extensivity parameter q can be used as a tool for increasing discernibility between wave functions.
Many problems of statistical and quantum mechanics can be established in terms of a distance between probability distributions. The present work is devoted to review some of the most relevant applications of the notion of distance in the context of statistical mechanics, quantum mechanics and information theory. Although we make a general overview of the most frequently used distances between probability distributions, we will center our presentation in a distance known as the Jensen-Shannon divergence both in their classical and quantum versions. For the classical one we present its main properties and we discuss its relevance as a segmentation tool for symbolic sequences. In the quantum case we show that the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence is an adequate measure of entanglement.
The notion of distinguishability between quantum states has shown to be fundamental in the frame of quantum information theory. In this paper we present a new distinguishability criterium by using a information theoretic quantity: the Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD). This quantity has several interesting properties, both from a conceptual and a formal point of view. Previous to define this distinguishability criterium, we review some of the most frequently used distances defined over quantum mechanics' Hilbert space. In this point our main claim is that the JSD can be taken as a unifying distance between quantum states.
Many problems of statistical and quantum mechanics can be established in terms of a distance; in the first case the distance is usually defined between probability distributions; in the second one, between quantum states. The present work is devoted to review the main properties of a distance known as the Jensen‐Shannon divergence (JSD) in its classical and quantum version. We present two examples of application of this distance: in the first one we use it as a quantifiers of the stochastic resonance phenomenon in ion channels; in the second one we use the JSD to propose a geometrical view of entanglement for two qubits states.