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arXiv:quant-ph/0407034 · New Journal of Physics

High efficiency transfer of quantum information and multiparticle entanglement generation in translation-invariant quantum chains

Martin Bodo Plenio, F. L. Semião

Published Mar 1, 2005• 140 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We demonstrate that a translation-invariant chain of interacting quantum systems can be used for high efficiency transfer of quantum entanglement and the generation of multiparticle entanglement over large distances and between arbitrary sites without the requirement of precise spatial or temporal control. The scheme is largely insensitive to disorder and random coupling strengths in the chain. We discuss harmonic oscillator systems both in the case of arbitrary Gaussian states and in situations when at most one excitation is in the system. The latter case, which we prove to be equivalent to an xy -spin chain, may be used to generate genuine multiparticle entanglement. Such a 'quantum data bus' may prove useful in future solid state architectures for quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/073

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We demonstrate that a translation-invariant chain of interacting quantum systems can be used for high efficiency transfer of quantum entanglement and the generation of multiparticle entanglement over large distances and between arbitrary sites without the requirement of precise spatial or temporal control. The scheme is largely insensitive to disorder and random coupling strengths in the chain. We discuss harmonic oscillator systems both in the case of arbitrary Gaussian states and in situations when at most one excitation is in the system. The latter case, which we prove to be equivalent to an xy -spin chain, may be used to generate genuine multiparticle entanglement. Such a 'quantum data bus' may prove useful in future solid state architectures for quantum information processing.
In this paper, we investigate a high-dimensional quantum state transfer protocol. An arbitrary unknown high-dimensional state can be transferred with high fidelity between two remote registers through an XXXXXX coupling spin chain of arbitrary length. The evolution of the state transfer is determined by the natural dynamics of the chain without external modulation and coupling strength engineering. As a consequence, entanglement distribution with a high efficiency can be achieved. Also the strong field and high spin quantum number can partly counteract the effect of finite temperature to ensure the high fidelity of the protocol when the quantum data bus is in the thermal equilibrium state under an external magnetic field.
Reliable quantum communication and/or processing links between modules are a necessary building block for various quantum processing architectures. Here we consider a spin-chain system with alternating strength couplings and containing three defects, which impose three domain walls between topologically distinct regions of the chain. We show that---in addition to its useful, high-fidelity, quantum state transfer properties---an entangling protocol can be implemented in this system, with optional localization and storage of the entangled states. We demonstrate both numerically and analytically that, given a suitable initial product-state injection, the natural dynamics of the system produces a maximally entangled state at a given time. We present detailed investigations of the effects of fabrication errors, analyzing random static disorder both in the diagonal and off-diagonal terms of the system Hamiltonian. Our results show that the entangled state formation is very robust against perturbations of up to $\ensuremath{\sim}10%$ the weaker chain coupling, and also robust against timing injection errors. We propose a further protocol, which manipulates the chain in order to localize and store each of the entangled qubits. The engineering of a system with such characteristics would thus provide a useful device for quantum information processing tasks involving the creation and storage of entangled resources.
We propose an experimentally feasible architecture with controllable long-range couplings built up from local exchange interactions. The scheme consists of a spin bus, with strong, always-on interactions, coupled dynamically to external qubits of the Loss and DiVincenzo type. Long-range correlations are enabled by a spectral gap occurring in a finite-size chain. The bus can also form a hub for multiqubit entangling operations. We show how multiqubit gates may be used to efficiently generate W states (an important entanglement resource). The spin bus therefore provides a route for scalable solid-state quantum computation, using currently available experimental resources.
This thesis examines some of the more fundamental requirements of a successful quantum computation, namely the ability to transmit quantum information with maximum efficiency, and the creation of entanglement. I focus specifically on neutron entanglement, showing that the spins of two or more distinct neutrons can be measurably entangled by forward-scattering from an isotropic medium. The interpretation of `time' in scattering experiments is also discussed. I present a simple treatment based on the Heisenberg S-matrix, from which it emerges that in certain situations the quantum-mechanical time parameter appearing in the effective time-evolution operator for the spin system has an intuitive physical interpretation. The final part of the thesis deals with quantum information transfer in arrays of permanently coupled dipolar systems. It is shown that spin chains with dipolar couplings offer high fidelity long-distance state transmission, but transfer times in unmodulated chains are unfeasibly long. Possible optimization methods are discussed, concluding with a review of recent achievements in this field.
Coherent quantum state transfer over macroscopic distances between non-neighboring elements in quantum circuits is a crucial component to increase connectivity and simplify quantum information processing. To facilitate such transfers, an efficient and easily controllable quantum pump would be highly beneficial. In this work, we demonstrate such a quantum pump based on a one-dimensional quasicrystal Fibonacci chain (FC). In particular, we utilize the unique properties of quasicrystals to pump the edge-localized winding states between the two distant ends of the chain by only minimal manipulation of the FC at its end points. We establish the necessary conditions for successful state transfer within a fully time-dependent picture and also demonstrate robustness of the transfer protocol against disorder. We then couple external qubits to each end of the FC and establish highly adaptable functionality as a quantum bus with both on-demand switching of the qubit states and generation of maximally entangled Bell states between the qubits. Thanks to the minimal control parameters, the setup is well-suited for implementation across diverse experimental platforms, thus establishing quasicrystals as an efficient platform for versatile quantum information processing.
We propose the generation of entangled qubits by utilizing the properties of edge states appearing at one end of a periodically driven (Floquet) superconducting qubit chain. Such qubits are naturally protected by the system's topology and their manipulation is possible through adiabatic control of the system parameters. By utilizing a Y-junction geometry, we then develop a protocol to perform high-fidelity transfer of entangled qubits from one end to another end of a qubit chain. Our quantum state transfer protocol is found to be robust against disorder and imperfection in the system parameters. More importantly, our proposed protocol also performs remarkably well at larger system sizes due to nonvanishing gaps between the involved edge states and the bulk states, thus allowing us in principle to transfer entangled states over an arbitrarily large distance. This work hence indicates that Floquet topological edge states are not only resourceful for implementing quantum gate operations, but also useful for high-fidelity and long-distance transfer of entangled states along solid-state qubit chains.