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arXiv:quant-ph/0306175 · New Journal of Physics

Quantum teleportation via aWstate

Jaewoo Joo, Young-Jai Park, Sangchul Oh, Jaewan Kim

Published Oct 16, 2003• 260 citations
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Abstract

We investigate two schemes of quantum teleportation with a W state, which belongs to a different class from the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger class. In the first scheme, the W state is shared by three parties, one of whom, called a sender, performs a Bell measurement. It is shown that the quantum information of an unknown state is split between two parties and recovered with a certain probability. In the second scheme, a sender takes two particles of the W state and performs positive operator valued measurements. For the two schemes, we calculate the success probability and the average fidelity. We show that the average fidelity of the second scheme cannot exceed that of the first one.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/5/1/136

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We investigate two schemes of quantum teleportation with a W state, which belongs to a different class from the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger class. In the first scheme, the W state is shared by three parties, one of whom, called a sender, performs a Bell measurement. It is shown that the quantum information of an unknown state is split between two parties and recovered with a certain probability. In the second scheme, a sender takes two particles of the W state and performs positive operator valued measurements. For the two schemes, we calculate the success probability and the average fidelity. We show that the average fidelity of the second scheme cannot exceed that of the first one.
Two schemes of teleporting an N-particle arbitrary and unknown state are proposed when N groups of three-particle general W states are utilized as quantum channels. In the first scheme, the quantum channels are shared by the sender and the recipient. After the sender's Bell-state measurements on his (her) particles, the recipient carries out unitary transformations on his (her) particles. And then, the recipient performs computational basis measurements to realize the teleportation. The recipient can recover the state on either of particle sequences with the equal maximal probability of successful teleportation if he (she) performs appropriate unitary transformations. In the second scheme, the quantum channels are shared by the sender, the recipient and the third ones. After the sender's Bell-state measurements and the third ones' computational basis measurements if they agree to cooperate, the recipient will introduce auxiliary particles and carry out appropriate unitary transformations. Finally, the recipient performs computational basis measurements to fulfill the teleportation. The second scheme can be realized if and only if the third ones agree to cooperate with the recipient.
Two schemes for teleporting an unknown one-particle state are proposed when a general W state is utilized as quantum channel. In the first scheme, after the sender (Alice) makes a Bell-state measurement on her particles, the recipient (Bob) performs a Von Neumann measurement and introduces an auxiliary particle, and carries out a unitary transformation on his particle and the auxiliary particle, and performs a Von Neumann measurement on the auxiliary particle to confirm whether the teleportation succeeds or not. In the second scheme, the recipient (Bob) does not need to perform the first Von Neumann measurement or introduce the auxiliary particle, which is necessary in the first scheme. It is shown that the maximal probabilities of successful teleportation of the two schemes are identical if the recipient (Bob) performs an appropriate unitary transformation and adopts a proper particle on which he recovers the quantum information of state to be teleported.
A scheme for teleporting an arbitrary three-particle W state from a sender to either of the two receivers is proposed,where the three three-particle W states quantum channel are taken as quantum channels.There are two ways to realize the intention of teleportation.It is proved that,for such maximally entangled quantum channels,there is still a certain probability of successful teleportation if the sender performs three generalized Bell-state measurements while either of the two receivers performs an appropriate unitary transformation with the help of the other suitable measurements in the basis of {|0,|1} and classical information;on the other hand,the probability of successful teleportation is not affected by the order of operations.The present scheme may be directly generalized to teleport an unknown N-particle W state from a sender to either of the two receivers by using N W states as quantum channels,as well as performing N Bell measurements.
A scheme of M -party controlled teleportation for one N -qubit entangled W state via ( N -1) Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs and one ( M +2)-qubit Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state is proposed. We achieve the teleportation in such a way that M agents can execute the Hadamard transformation, perform the measurement on their qubits and inform the receiver of their measurements. Then we discuss that the receiver cannot fully recover the state from the sender if one agent does not co-operate with him.
We first provide four new schemes for two-party quantum teleportation of an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state by using three-, four-, and five-particle states as the quantum channel, respectively. The successful probability and fidelity of the four schemes reach 1. In the first two schemes, the receiver can only apply one of the unitary transformations to reconstruct the original state, making it easier for these two schemes to be directly realized. In the third and fourth schemes, the sender can preform Bell-state measurements instead of multipartite entanglement measurements of the existing similar schemes, which makes real experiments more suitable. It is found that the last three schemes may become tripartite controlled teleportation schemes of teleporting an arbitrary multi-particle state after a simple modification. Finally, we present a new scheme for three-party sharing an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state. In this scheme, the sender first shares three three-particle GHZ states with two agents. After setting up the secure quantum channel, an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state can be perfectly teleported if the sender performs three Bell-state measurements, and either of two receivers operates an appropriate unitary transformation to obtain the original state with the help of other receiver's three single-particle measurements. The successful probability and fidelity of this scheme also reach 1. It is demonstrated that this scheme can be generalized easily to the case of sharing an arbitrary unknown multi-particle state among several agents.