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arXiv:quant-ph/0305062

Renyi extrapolation of Shannon entropy

Karol Życzkowski

Published May 12, 2003• 13 citations
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Abstract

Relations between Shannon entropy and Renyi entropies of integer order are discussed. For any N-point discrete probability distribution for which the Renyi entropies of order two and three are known, we provide an lower and an upper bound for the Shannon entropy. The average of both bounds provide an explicit extrapolation for this quantity. These results imply relations between the von Neumann entropy of a mixed quantum state, its linear entropy and traces.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0305062

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Relations between Shannon entropy and Renyi entropies of integer order are discussed. For any N-point discrete probability distribution for which the Renyi entropies of order two and three are known, we provide an lower and an upper bound for the Shannon entropy. The average of both bounds provide an explicit extrapolation for this quantity. These results imply relations between the von Neumann entropy of a mixed quantum state, its linear entropy and traces.
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Entropy estimation of discrete probability distributions is a fundamental problem in statistical inference and quantum property estimation. In this paper, we study the problem of estimating Rényi entropy Hα(p)H_α(\mathbf{p})Hα​(p) for any distribution p=(pi)i=1n\mathbf{p} = (p_i)_{i=1}^np=(pi​)i=1n​ given its purified quantum query-access. For non-integer α>1α> 1α>1, our algorithm estimates Hα(p)H_α(\mathbf{p})Hα​(p) to within additive error εεε using only O~(nmax⁡{1/2,1−1/α}/ε)\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}\big(n^{\max\{1/2,1-1/α\}}/ε\big)O(nmax{1/2,1−1/α}/ε) queries, which improves the best known upper bound for dependence on both nnn and 1/ε1/ε1/ε. For 0<α<10<α<10<α<1, our algorithm has query complexity O~(n1/(2α)/εmax⁡{1,1/(2α)})\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}\big(n^{1/(2α)}/ε^{\max\{1,1/(2α)\}}\big)O(n1/(2α)/εmax{1,1/(2α)}), which improves the dependence on 1/ε1/ε1/ε of the current best upper bound without incresing its nnn dependence. Our approach adapts the multi-level estimation framework to relative approximation of the power sums and leverage binary search to remove the requirement of prior knowledge of them. We also strengthen the precision-dependent lower bound to Ω(1/εmax⁡{1,1/(2α)})Ω\big(1/ε^{\max\{1,1/(2α)\}}\big)Ω(1/εmax{1,1/(2α)}) for 0<α<10<α<10<α<1, which identifies the optimal precision dependence of our algorithm.