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arXiv:quant-ph/0303109 · Physical Review A

Experimental vacuum squeezing in rubidium vapor via self-rotation

Jonas Ries, B. Brezger, Alexander I. Lvovsky

Published Aug 11, 2003• 101 citations
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Abstract

We report the generation of optical squeezed vacuum states by means of polarization self-rotation in rubidium vapor following a proposal by Matsko et al. [Phys. Rev. A 66, 043815 (2002)]. The experimental setup, involving in essence just a diode laser and a heated rubidium gas cell, is simple and easily scalable. A squeezing of $(0.85\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05)$ dB was achieved.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.68.025801

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We report the generation of optical squeezed vacuum states by means of polarization self-rotation in rubidium vapor following a proposal by Matsko et al. [Phys. Rev. A 66, 043815 (2002)]. The experimental setup, involving in essence just a diode laser and a heated rubidium gas cell, is simple and easily scalable. A squeezing of (0.85\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi0.05)(0.85\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05)(0.85\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi0.05) dB was achieved.
In this paper, we report on -3.5±0.2 dB vacuum squeezing (corresponding to -4.2±0.2 dB with loss correction) at 795 nm via the polarization self-rotation (PSR) effect in rubidium vapor by applying a magnetic field, whose direction is perpendicular to the propagation and polarization of the pump light. Compared with the case without the magnetic field, whose optimal squeezing degree is about -1.5 dB, this weak magnetic field can enhance the PSR effect and ultimately increase the squeezing degree. This compact squeezed light source can be potentially utilized in quantum protocols in which atomic ensembles are involved, such as in quantum memory, atomic magnetometers and quantum interferometers.
We report on an optical magnetometer enhanced by vacuum-squeezed light, employing an Mx magnetometer based on 87^{87}87Rb vapor in a micrometer-scale cell (~100 μμμm). Using the well-established polarization self-rotation effect in a room-temperature 87^{87}87Rb vapor cell, we achieve -3 dB of vacuum squeezing within the noise spectral window of 100 Hz to several MHz, corresponding to 3.5 dB squeezing when accounting for optical losses. Leveraging this level of squeezing, we demonstrate a magnetic field sensitivity of approx. 1 pT///Hz\sqrt{Hz}Hz​. The combination of vacuum-squeezed light and micrometer-scale vapor cells paves the way for compact, low-power-consumption atomic sensors with enhanced performance.
We study a squeezed vacuum field generated in hot Rb vapor via the polarization self-rotation effect. Our previous experiments showed that the amount of observed squeezing may be limited by the contamination of the squeezed vacuum output with higher-order spatial modes, also generated inside the cell. Here, we demonstrate that the squeezing can be improved by making the light interact several times with a less dense atomic ensemble. With optimization of some parameters we can achieve up to $\ensuremath{-}2.6$ dB of squeezing in the multipass case, which is a 0.6 dB improvement compared to the single-pass experimental configuration. Our results show that, other than the optical depth of the medium, the spatial mode structure and the cell configuration also affect the squeezing level.
We observed squeezed vacuum light at 795 nm in 87 Rb vapor via resonant polarization self-rotation, and report noise sidebands suppression of ≈ 1 dB below shot noise level spanning from acoustic (30 kHz) to MHz frequencies. This is the first demonstration of sub-MHz quadrature vacuum squeezing in atomic systems. The spectral range of observed squeezing matches well typical bandwidths of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonances, making this simple technique for generation of optical fields with non-classical statistics at atomic transitions wavelengths attractive for EIT-based quantum information protocols applications.
We observed squeezed vacuum light at 795 nm in (87)Rb vapor via resonant polarization self-rotation and report noise sidebands suppression of approximately 1 dB below shot-noise level spanning from 30 kHz to 1.2 MHz frequencies. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of submegahertz quadrature vacuum squeezing in atomic systems. The spectral range of observed squeezing matches well typical bandwidths of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonances, making this simple technique for generation of optical fields with nonclassical statistics at atomic transitions wavelengths attractive for EIT-based quantum information protocols applications.