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arXiv:quant-ph/0210175 · Physical Review A

Geometric phase shift in quantum computation using superconducting nanocircuits: Nonadiabatic effects

Shi-Liang Zhu, Z. D. Wang

Published Oct 25, 2002• 54 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation may be achieved using coupled low-capacitance Josephson junctions. We show that the nonadiabatic effects as well as the adiabatic condition are very important for these systems. Moreover, we find that it may be hard to detect the adiabatic Berry's phase in this kind of superconducting nanocircuits; but the nonadiabatic phase may be measurable with current techniques. Our results may provide useful information for the implementation of geometric quantum computation.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.66.042322

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The nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation may be achieved using coupled low-capacitance Josephson junctions. We show that the nonadiabatic effects as well as the adiabatic condition are very important for these systems. Moreover, we find that it may be hard to detect the adiabatic Berry's phase in this kind of superconducting nanocircuits; but the nonadiabatic phase may be measurable with current techniques. Our results may provide useful information for the implementation of geometric quantum computation.
Abstract When a quantum-mechanical system undergoes an adiabatic cyclic evolution, it acquires a geometrical phase factor1 in addition to the dynamical one; this effect has been demonstrated in a variety of microscopic systems2. Advances in nanotechnology should enable the laws of quantum dynamics to be tested at the macroscopic level3, by providing controllable artificial two-level systems (for example, in quantum dots4 and superconducting devices5, 6). Here we propose an experimental method to detect geometric phases in a superconducting device. The setup is a Josephson junction nanocircuit consisting of a superconducting electron box. We discuss how interferometry based on geometrical phases may be realized, and show how the effect may be applied to the design of gates for quantum computation.
We propose an experimentally feasible scheme to achieve quantum computation based on nonadiabatic geometric phase shifts, in which a cyclic geometric phase is used to realize a set of universal quantum gates. Physical implementation of this set of gates is designed for Josephson junctions and for NMR systems. Interestingly, we find that the nonadiabatic phase shift may be independent of the operation time under appropriate controllable conditions. A remarkable feature of the present nonadiabatic geometric gates is that there is no intrinsic limitation on the operation time.
We introduce the nonadiabatic, or Aharonov-Anandan, geometric phase as a tool for quantum computation and show how this phase on one qubit can be monitored by a second qubit without any dynamical contribution. We also discuss how this geometric phase could be implemented with superconducting charge qubits. While the nonadiabatic geometric phase may circumvent many of the drawbacks related to the adiabatic (Berry) version of geometric gates, we show that the effect of fluctuations of the control parameters on nonadiabatic phase gates is more severe than for the standard dynamic gates. Similarly, fluctuations also affect to a greater extent quantum gates that use the Berry phase instead of the dynamic phase.
Recently, geometric phases, which is fault tolerate to certain errors intrinsically due to its geometric property, are getting considerable attention in quantum computing theoretically. So far, only one experiment about adiabatic geometric gate with NMR through Berry phase has been reported. However, there are two drawbacks in it. First, the adiabatic condition of Berry phase makes such gate very slowly. Second, the extra operation to eliminate the dynamic phase. As we know, geometric phase can exist both adiabatic(Berry phase) and nonadiabatic(Aharonov-Anandan phase). In this letter, we reports the first experimental realization of nonadiabatic geometric gate with NMR through conditional-AA phase. In our experiment the gates can be made faster and more easily, and the two drawbacks mentioned above are removed.