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arXiv:quant-ph/0209099 · Physical Review A

Storage and retrieval of light pulses at moderate powers

Tarak Nath Dey, G. S. Agarwal

Published Mar 26, 2003• 50 citations
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Abstract

We investigate whether it is possible to store and retrieve an intense probe pulse using a medium that can be modeled as a set of atoms with the relevant energy levels in $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ configuration. We demonstrate that it is indeed possible to store and retrieve the probe pulses that are not necessarily weak. We find that the retrieved pulse remains a replica of the original pulse, although there is overall broadening and loss of the intensity. The loss of intensity can be understood in terms of the dependence of absorption on the intensity of the probe. Our calculations include the dynamics of the control field, which becomes especially important as the intensity of the probe pulse increases. We use the adiabatic theory of Grobe et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. $73,$ 3183 (1994)] to understand our numerical results on the storage and retrieval of light pulses at moderate powers.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.67.033813

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We investigate whether it is possible to store and retrieve an intense probe pulse using a medium that can be modeled as a set of atoms with the relevant energy levels in \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ configuration. We demonstrate that it is indeed possible to store and retrieve the probe pulses that are not necessarily weak. We find that the retrieved pulse remains a replica of the original pulse, although there is overall broadening and loss of the intensity. The loss of intensity can be understood in terms of the dependence of absorption on the intensity of the probe. Our calculations include the dynamics of the control field, which becomes especially important as the intensity of the probe pulse increases. We use the adiabatic theory of Grobe et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73,73,73, 3183 (1994)] to understand our numerical results on the storage and retrieval of light pulses at moderate powers.
We extend the theory of quantum light memory in atomic ensemble of Lambda type atoms with considering lower levels coherence decay rate and one and two-photon detunings from resonances in low intensity and adiabatic passage limit. We obtain that with considering these parameters, that there will be a considerable decay of probe pulse and stored information; also, we obtain that the group velocity of probe (light) pulse and its amplitude does not tend to zero by turning off the control field. We propose a method to keep the probe pulse in small values in turn off time of control field and to reduce the loss of the stored probe pulse. In addition, we obtain that in the Off-resonance case there will be a considerable distortion of the output light pulse that causes in loss of the stored information, then we present limitations for detunings and therefore for bandwidths of practical lasers also limitations for maximum storage time to have negligible distortion of stored information. We finally present the numerical calculations and compare them with analytical results.
We extend the theory of quantum light memory in atomic ensemble of Lambda type atoms with considering lower levels coherency decay rate and one and two-photon detunings from resonances in low intensity and adiabatic passage limit. We obtain that with considering these parameters, group velocity of probe (information) pulse and its amplitude does not tend to zero by turning off the control field, therefore there is no complete storage of light. Also, we obtain that there will be a considerable decay of probe pulse and stored information. We calculate the minimum velocity and decay rate for probe (information) pulse. In addition, we obtain that in the Off-resonance case there will be a considerable distortion of the output light pulse that causes in loss of the stored information, then we present limitations for detunings and therefore for bandwidths of practical lasers also limitations for maximum storage time to have negligible distortion of stored information. We finally present the numerical calculations and compare them with analytical results.
We have studied the role of degenerate Zeeman states in the storage and retrieval of light pulses in the three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type system of electromagnetically induced transparency. A probe pulse with the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{+}$ polarization is stored in the medium and subsequently released with the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\ensuremath{-}}$ polarization. However, the manipulation of the retrieved polarization causes an energy loss. Our study shows that the incompatibility between the stored ground-state coherence and the ratio of the probe and coupling Clebsch-Gordan coefficients is responsible for the energy loss. Such energy loss can be avoided as long as all population accumulates in a single Zeeman state. We provide the useful knowledge for the light-storage technique and demonstrate that the degenerate Zeeman states should be considered in the relevant applications.
We show both analytically and numerically that photons from a probe pulse are not stored in several recent experiments. Rather, they are absorbed to produce a two-photon excitation. More importantly, when an identical coupling pulse is re-injected into the medium, we show that the regenerated optical field has a pulse width that is very different from the original probe field. It is therefore, not a faithful copy of the original probe pulse. Recent experiments [1,2] on the extremely slow propagation of a pair of optical pulses in a resonant medium and the subsequent coherent regeneration of the “probe ” pulse have generated much excitement in the fields of optical computing and quantum optics. The physical explanation offered to these extraordinary phenomena rests on the adiabatic theory developed a decade ago by Eberly and coworkers[3]. To a large degree, the “dark-state polariton” theory [4] and all other recent works formulated around it are basically a field theoretical reformulation of the adiabatic approximation of pulse pair propagation in resonant media originally studied reasonably complete in the early 90’s. These new treatments have provided some further understanding of the process, especially from the view point of atomic spin wave excitation and atomic coherence. Two main results of the these works, however, do not, in our view, accurately describe the physical picture of such a highly nonlinear excitation process. In this letter, we show, based on the adiabatic theory, that the claim of the “revival of the probe pulse ” in recent experiments [1,2,5] is not accurate.
We analyze the storage and retrieval of intense-broadband pulses with the added effects of Doppler broadening and detuning in a ΛΛΛ configuration. We compute analytical solutions via the inverse scattering technique and show how the signal field is transferred to a spin-wave in the atomic medium and later retrieved by the interaction of a control pulse. Due to the intensity of the pulses, the pulse area (as defined for self-induced transparency) plays a key role in the interaction, as it determines the location of the spin wave within the medium. Additionally, we compare our results to non-ideal conditions by considering pulses of finite length and the effect of spontaneous emission.