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arXiv:quant-ph/0209089

Finite automata models of quantized systems: conceptual status and outlook

Karl Svozil

Published Sep 15, 2002• 0 citations
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Abstract

Since Edward Moore, finite automata theory has been inspired by physics, in particular by quantum complementarity. We review automaton complementarity, reversible automata and the connections to generalized urn models. Recent developments in quantum information theory may have appropriate formalizations in the automaton context.
DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0209089

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In this paper we extend (and study) two computational complementary principles from Moore to Mealy automata which are finite machines possessing better “quantum-like” features. We conjecture that automata which are reversible according to Svozil do not satisfy any of these computational complementarity principles. This result is consistent with the embeddability of irreversible computations into reversible ones (via Bennett’s method, for example). Mathematica experiments confirmed this hypothesis.
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This article is an attempt to generalize the classical theory of reversible computing, principally developed by Bennet [IBM J. Res. Develop., 17(1973)] and by Fredkin and Toffoli [Internat. J. Theoret. Phys., 21(1982)], to the quantum case. This is a fundamental step towards the construction of a quantum computer because a time efficient quantum computation is a reversible physical process. The paper is organized as follows. The first section reviews the classical theory of reversible computing. In the second section it is showed that the designs used in the classical framework to decrease the consumption of space cannot be generalized to the quantum case; it is also suggested that quantum computing is generally more demanding of space than classical computing. In the last section a new model of fully quantum and reversible automaton is proposed. The computational power of this automaton is at least equal to that of classical automata. Some conclusion are drawn in the last section.
Quantum computing is concerned with computer technology based on the principles of quantum mechanics, with operations performed at the quantum level. Quantum computational models make it possible to analyze the resources required for computations. Quantum automata can be classified thusly: quantum finite automata, quantum sequential machine, quantum pushdown automata, quantum Turing machine and orthomodular lattice-valued automata. These models are useful for determining the expressive power and boundaries of various computational features. In light of the current state of quantum computation theory research, a systematic review of the literature seems timely. This article seeks to provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis of quantum finite automata models, quantum finite automata models with density operators and quantum finite automata models with classical states, interactive proof systems, quantum communication complexity and query complexity as described in the literature. The statistics of quantum finite automata related papers are shown and open problems are identified for more advanced research. The current status of quantum automata theory is distributed into various categories. This research work also highlights the previous research, current status and future directions of quantum automata models.