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arXiv:quant-ph/0110057 · Physical Review Letters

Stationary Source of Nonclassical or Entangled Atoms

Michael Fleischhauer, Shangqing Gong

Published Jan 31, 2002• 56 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A scheme for generating continuous beams of atoms in nonclassical or entangled quantum states is proposed and analyzed. For this the recently suggested transfer technique of quantum states from light fields to collective atomic excitation by stimulated Raman adiabatic passage [M. Fleischhauer and M. D. Lukin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5094 (2000)] is employed and extended to matter waves.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.88.070404

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A scheme for generating continuous beams of atoms in nonclassical or entangled quantum states is proposed and analyzed. For this the recently suggested transfer technique of quantum states from light fields to collective atomic excitation by stimulated Raman adiabatic passage [M. Fleischhauer and M. D. Lukin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5094 (2000)] is employed and extended to matter waves.
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The general goal of our research is the generation, manipulation, and characterization of coherent and nonclassical matter-wave sources. The research has both a theoretical and an experimental component. Theoretical achievements include the use of nonlinear atom optical techniques to generate beams of entangled atoms and squeezed atomic beams from Bose-Einstein condensates, as well as the generation of entangled atom-photon pairs, the extension of the ideas bosonic atom optics to the nonlinear atom optics to fermionic atoms and to boson-fermion mixtures. We have also started to analyze how the combination of these developments can be applied to the realization and manipulation of molecular fields of tailored quantum statistics. On the experimental side we have worked with Cs atoms in optical lattices to implement qubits, quantum gates and circuits. We have demonstrated trapping in deep 3D lattices initialization by sideband cooling and single-qubit control. In a second project we have used optical probes to implement continuous weak measurements of collective observables in an atomic ensemble. We have developed a detailed understanding of Faraday measurements of atomic spins, and a novel scheme to probe the pseudospin associated with the atomic clock transition.
We propose several robust schemes to prepare entangled states among spatially separated $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type atoms via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage and fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage techniques. The atomic spontaneous radiation, the cavity decay, and the fiber loss are efficiently suppressed by engineering adiabatic passage and controlling appropriately atom-field couplings. The schemes can be extended to generate the nnn-cavity mode WWW state.
Inspired by a recently experiment by M. Lettner et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 210503 (2011)], we propose a robust scheme to prepare three-dimensional entanglement state between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) technique. The atomic spontaneous radiation, the cavity decay, and the fiber loss are efficiently suppressed by the engineering adiabatic passage. Our strictly numerical simulation shows our proposal is good enough to demonstrate the generation of three-dimensional entanglement with high fidelity and within the current experimental technology.