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arXiv:quant-ph/0010007

Phase Mapping of Remote Clocks Using Quantum Entanglement

M. S. Shahriar

Published Oct 2, 2000• 1 citation
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Abstract

Recently, we have shown how the phase of an electromagnetic field can be determined by measuring the population of either of the two states of a two-level atomic system excited by this field, via the so-called Bloch-Siegert oscillation resulting from the interference between the co- and counter-rotating excitations. Here, we show how a degenerate entanglement, created without transmitting any timing signal, can be used to teleport this phase information. This phase-teleportation process may be applied to achieve absolute phase-mapping of remote clocks.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0010007

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Recently, we have shown how the phase of an electromagnetic field can be determined by measuring the population of either of the two states of a two-level atomic system excited by this field, via the so-called Bloch-Siegert oscillation resulting from the interference between the co- and counter-rotating excitations. Here, we show how a degenerate entanglement, created without transmitting any timing signal, can be used to teleport this phase information. This phase-teleportation process may be applied to achieve absolute phase-mapping of remote clocks.
Recently, we have shown how the phase of an electromagnetic field can be determined by measuring the population of either of the two states of a two-level atomic system excited by this field, via the so-called Bloch-Siegert oscillation resulting from the interference between the co- and counter-rotating excitations. Here, we show how a degenerate entanglement, created without transmitting any timing signal, can be used to teleport this phase information. This phase-teleportation process may be applied to achieve frequency-locking of remote oscillators, thereby facilitating the process of synchronizing distant clocks.
Recently, we have shown theoretically [1] as well as experimentally [2] how the phase of an electromagnetic field can be determined by measuring the population of either of the two states of a two-level atomic system excited by this field, via the so-called Bloch-Siegert oscillation resulting from the interference between the co- and counter-rotating excitations. Here, we show how a degenerate entanglement, created without transmitting any timing signal, can be used to teleport this phase information. This phase-teleportation process may be applied to achieve wavelength teleportation, which in turn may be used for frequency-locking of remote oscillators.
We study Rabi oscillations of the second-order Raman transition realized on dressed states of a qubit excited by an amplitude-modulated microwave field. The co-rotating component of the ultrastrong low-frequency modulation field excites virtual multiple photon processes between the dressed states and forms the Rabi frequency in the so-called rotating wave approximation. The counter-rotating modulation component also gives a significant contribution to the Rabi frequency owing to the Bloch-Siegert effect. It is shown that for properly chosen parameters of the modulation field and qubit, the Rabi oscillations in the rotating wave approximation vanish due to destructive interference of multiple photon processes. In this case the Rabi oscillation results exclusively from the Bloch-Siegert effect and is directly observed in the time-resolved coherent dynamics as the Bloch-Siegert oscillation. Correspondingly, in Fourier spectra of the coherent response, triplets are transformed into doublets with the splitting between the lines equal to twice the Bloch-Siegert shift. We demonstrate these features by calculations of the qubit’s evolution in the conditions of experiments with a NV center in diamond, where Raman transitions were observed. The direct observation of the Bloch-Siegert oscillation offers new possibilities for studying driven quantum systems in the ultastrong regime.
Synchronizing clocks using quantum entanglement works on the principle that two clocks Alice and Bob share between them a singlet state which is a stationary state that is immune to evolution under bare atomic Hamiltonian. A major obstacle to its realization is the hidden assumption of a common phase reference between the clocks. Without hidden assumption, a clock state of Alice or Bob is not a uniquely defined quantum state because the phase of the state is arbitrary. This results in an unknown relative phase in a two-particle entangled state defined by the clocks. We show that using entanglement purification, an entanglement-based clock synchronization is achieved despite earlier results showing the contrary. This closes the loophole for entanglement based quantum clock synchronization protocols, which is a non-local approach to synchronize two clocks independent of the properties of the intervening medium.
We study Rabi oscillations of the second-order Raman transition realized on dressed states of a qubit excited by an amplitude-modulated microwave field.The co-rotating component of the ultrastrong low-frequency modulation field excites virtual multiple photon processes between the dressed states and forms the Rabi frequency in the so-called rotating wave approximation (RWA).The counter-rotating modulation component also gives a significant contribution to the Rabi frequency owing to the Bloch-Siegert effect.It is shown that for properly chosen parameters of the modulation field and qubit, the Rabi oscillations in the RWA vanish due to destructive interference of multiple photon processes.In this case the Rabi oscillation results exclusively from the Bloch-Siegert effect and is directly observed in the time-resolved coherent dynamics as the Bloch-Siegert oscillation.Correspondingly, in Fourier spectra of the coherent response, triplets are transformed into doublets with the splitting between the lines equal to twice the Bloch-Siegert shift.We demonstrate these features by calculations of the qubit's evolution in the conditions of experiments with a NV center in diamond, where Raman transitions were observed.The direct observation of the Bloch-Siegert oscillation offers new possibilities for studying driven quantum systems in the ultastrong regime.