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arXiv:quant-ph/0009006 · Physics Letters A

Eavesdropper's optimal information in variations of Bennett–Brassard 1984 quantum key distribution in the coherent attacks

Won Young Hwang, Doyeol (David) Ahn, Sung Woo Hwang

Published Jan 1, 2001• 13 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/s0375-9601(00)00825-2

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First, we calculate eavesdropper's optimal information on raw bits in Bennett-Brassard 1984 quantum key distribution (BB84 QKD) scheme and six-states one in coherent attacks, using the method by Lo and Chau [Science {\\bf 283}, 2050 (1999)]. Next, we show that eavesdropper's optimal information in multiple-basis scheme is the same as that of six-states one. Then, we consider QKD without public announcement of bases [Phys. Lett. A {\\bf244}(1998), 489]: we find that eavesdropper's optimal information in it is the same as that of a corresponding QKD with public announcement of bases. This fact suggests that QKD without public announcement of bases is as secure as BB84 scheme even in coherent attacks.
The theoretical Quantum Key-Distribution scheme of Bennett and Brassard (BB84) has been proven secure against very strong attacks including the collective attacks and the joint attacks. Though the latter are the most general attacks, collective attacks are much easier to analyze, yet, they are conjectured to be as informative to the eavesdropper. Thus, collective attacks are likely to be useful in the analysis of many theoretical and practical schemes that are still lacking a proof of security, including practical BB84 schemes. We show how powerful tools developed in previous works for proving security against the joint attack, are simplified when applied to the security of BB84 against collective attacks whilst providing the same bounds on leaked information and the same error threshold.