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arXiv:quant-ph/0004053 · Fortschritte der Physik

Quantum Computing with Trapped Ions, Atoms and Light

Andrew M. Steane, D.M. Lucas

Published Sep 1, 2000• 49 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We first consider the basic requirements for a quantum computer, arguing for the attractiveness of nuclear spins as information-bearing entities, and light for the coupling which allows quantum gates. We then survey the strengths of and immediate prospects for quantum information processing in ion traps. We discuss decoherence and gate rates in ion traps, comparing methods based on the vibrational motion with a method based on exchange of photons in cavity QED. We then sketch the main features of a quantum computer designed to allow an algorithm needing 106 Toffoli gates on 100 logical qubits. We find that around 200 ion traps linked by optical fibres and high-finesse cavities could perform such an algorithm in a week to a month, using components at or near current levels of technology.

DOI
10.1002/1521-3978(200009)48:9/11<839::aid-prop839>3.0.co;2-v

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We first consider the basic requirements for a quantum computer, arguing for the attractiveness of nuclear spins as information-bearing entities, and light for the coupling which allows quantum gates. We then survey the strengths of and immediate prospects for quantum information processing in ion traps. We discuss decoherence and gate rates in ion traps, comparing methods based on the vibrational motion with a method based on exchange of photons in cavity QED. We then sketch the main features of a quantum computer designed to allow an algorithm needing 106 Toffoli gates on 100 logical qubits. We find that around 200 ion traps linked by optical fibres and high-finesse cavities could perform such an algorithm in a week to a month, using components at or near current levels of technology.
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The role of trapped atomic ions in the field of quantum information processing is briefly reviewed. We discuss some of the historical developments that enabled ions to enter the field and then summarize the basic mechanisms required for logic gates and the use of the gates in demonstrating simple algorithms. We describe potential pathways to reach fault-tolerant error levels and large-scale devices, and highlight some of the main problems that will be faced in achieving these goals. Possible near-term applications in applied and basic science, such as in metrology and quantum simulation, are discussed.
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