Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:quant-ph/0001051 · Physical Review A

Spin dynamics of wave packets evolving with the Dirac Hamiltonian in atoms with high atomic numberZ

Robert Arvieu, P. Rozmej, M. Turek

Published Jul 20, 2000• 15 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The motion of circular wave packets for one electron in a central Coulomb field with a high atomic number Z is calculated. The wave packet is defined in terms of solutions of the Dirac equation in order to take into account all possible relevant effects, in particular the spin-orbit potential. A time scale is defined within which spin dynamics must be taken into account, mainly in atoms with high Z. Within this time scale there exists a mechanism of collapses and revivals of the spin, already shown by the authors for harmonic oscillator potential and called the spin-orbit pendulum. Though this effect does not have the exact periodicity of the simpler model, the wave packet spatial motion is nevertheless quite similar.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.62.022514

Related papers

New mechanism of collapse and revival in wave packet dynamics due to spin-orbit interaction

P. Rozmej, Robert Arvieu, Waldemar Berej

The article discusses the properties of time evolution of wave packets in a few systems. Dynamics of wave packet motion for Rydberg atoms with the hierarchy of collapses and revivals is briefly reviewed. The main part of the paper focuses on the new mechanism of quantum reccurrences in wave packet dynamics. This mechanism can occur (in principle) in any physical system with strong enough spin-orbit interaction. We discuss here the SPIN_ORBIT PENDULUM effect that consists in different motions of subpackets possessing different spin fields and results in oscillations of a fraction of average angular momentum between spin and ordinary subspaces. The evolution of localized wave packet into toroidal objects and backwards (for other class of initial conditions) is also subject to discussion.

arXiv:quant-ph/9702044•Presented at•Feb 21, 1997•0 citations

Spin-Orbit Pendulum (Relativistic Extension)

M. Turek, P. Rozmej, Robert Arvieu

We discuss an extension of the theory of spin-orbit pendulum phenomenon given in [1] to relativistic approach. It is done within the so called Dirac Oscillator. Our first results, focusing on circular wave packet motion have been published recently [2]. The scope of this paper is motion of a linear wave packet. In relativistic approach we found Zitterbewegung in spin-orbit motion (in Dirac representation) due to coupling to negative energy states. This effect is washed out in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation. Another important change with respect to non-relativistic case is the loss of periodicity. The phenomenon reminds the time evolution of population inversion in Jaynes-Cummings model. PACS numbers: 03.65.Sq, 03.65.Ge 1.

AcPPB•Feb 1, 2000•0 citations

Spin-Orbit Entanglement in Time Evolution of Radial Wave Packets in Hydrogenic Systems

M. Turek, P. Rozmej

Time evolution of radial wave packets built from the eigenstates of Dirac equation for a hydrogenic system is considered. Radial wave packets are constructed from the states of different n quantum numbers and the same lowest angular momentum. In general they exhibit a kind of breathing motion with dispersion and (partial) revivals. Calculations show that for some particular preparations of the wave packet one can observe interesting effects in spin motion, coming from inherent entanglement of spin and orbital degrees of freedom. These effects manifest themselves through some oscillations in the mean values of spin operators and through changes of spatial probability density carried by upper and lower components of the wave function. It is also shown that the characteristic time scale of predicted effects (called T ls ) is much smaller for radial wave packets than in other cases, reaching values comparable to (or even less than) the time scale for the wave packet revival.

arXiv:quant-ph/0404084•Open Systems & Information Dynamics•Dec 1, 2004•0 citations

Spin-orbit pendulum - Relativistic extension

M. Turek, P. Rozmej, Robert Arvieu

We discuss an extension of the theory of {\em spin-orbit pendulum} phenomenon given in [1] to relativistic approach. It is done within the so called Dirac Oscillator. Our first results, focusing on circular wave packet motion have been published recently [2]. The scope of this paper is motion of a linear wave packet. In relativistic approach we found {\em Zitterbewegung} in spin-orbit motion (in Dirac representation) due to coupling to negative energy states. This effect is washed out in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation. Another important change with respect to non-relativistic case is the loss of periodicity. The phenomenon reminds the time evolution of population inversion in Jaynes-Cummings model.

arXiv:quant-ph/9909023•Sep 7, 1999•0 citations

The Dirac Oscillator: A relativistic version of the Jaynes Cummings model

P. Rozmej, Robert Arvieu

The dynamics of wave packets in a relativistic Dirac oscillator is compared to that of the Jaynes-Cummings model. The strong spin-orbit coupling of the Dirac oscillator produces the entanglement of the spin with the orbital motion similar to what is observed in the model of quantum optics. The collapses and revivals of the spin which result extend to a relativistic theory our previous findings on nonrelativistic oscillator where they were known under the name of `spin-orbit pendulum'. There are important relativistic effects (lack of periodicity, zitterbewegung, negative energy states). Many of them disappear after a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation.

•Jan 1, 1999•64 citations

Collapse and revival in the dynamics of a spin with the spin-orbit potential

Robert Arvieu, P. Rozmej

We have calculated the time evolution of the density matrix reduced to the spin degree of freedom for a particle in a spherical harmonic oscillator with a constant spin-orbit interaction. We have studied two classes of spatial wave functions in the initial state: pure orbital states \ensuremath{\Vert}lm〉 and coherent states. When the initial spin is a pure state, its evolution in time produces a mixed state during a time called the collapse time. This behavior of the spin is similar to that observed in the Jaynes-Cummings model. A similar dynamics is produced for a broad range of geometrical initial conditions for the spin as well as for the wave packet. The system is exactly recurrent but we have also found the existence of approximate recurrences corresponding to a reversal of the spin direction. We have tentatively applied our result to mimic the evolution of the spin in the H atom. In this case only a few spin-orbit partners play a role and, after a long time, produce a state where the admixture is not complete. The average quantum behavior is always very different from that of a classical particle having a spin as a vector of constant length. The increase of the number 2S+1 of spin-orbit partners changes the time scale of the collapse by the factor \ensuremath{\surd}S , and a strong mixing is always observed.

Physical Review A•Jan 1, 1995•19 citations
The motion of circular wave packets for one electron in a central Coulomb field with a high atomic number Z is calculated. The wave packet is defined in terms of solutions of the Dirac equation in order to take into account all possible relevant effects, in particular the spin-orbit potential. A time scale is defined within which spin dynamics must be taken into account, mainly in atoms with high Z. Within this time scale there exists a mechanism of collapses and revivals of the spin, already shown by the authors for harmonic oscillator potential and called the spin-orbit pendulum. Though this effect does not have the exact periodicity of the simpler model, the wave packet spatial motion is nevertheless quite similar.
The article discusses the properties of time evolution of wave packets in a few systems. Dynamics of wave packet motion for Rydberg atoms with the hierarchy of collapses and revivals is briefly reviewed. The main part of the paper focuses on the new mechanism of quantum reccurrences in wave packet dynamics. This mechanism can occur (in principle) in any physical system with strong enough spin-orbit interaction. We discuss here the SPIN_ORBIT PENDULUM effect that consists in different motions of subpackets possessing different spin fields and results in oscillations of a fraction of average angular momentum between spin and ordinary subspaces. The evolution of localized wave packet into toroidal objects and backwards (for other class of initial conditions) is also subject to discussion.
We discuss an extension of the theory of spin-orbit pendulum phenomenon given in [1] to relativistic approach. It is done within the so called Dirac Oscillator. Our first results, focusing on circular wave packet motion have been published recently [2]. The scope of this paper is motion of a linear wave packet. In relativistic approach we found Zitterbewegung in spin-orbit motion (in Dirac representation) due to coupling to negative energy states. This effect is washed out in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation. Another important change with respect to non-relativistic case is the loss of periodicity. The phenomenon reminds the time evolution of population inversion in Jaynes-Cummings model. PACS numbers: 03.65.Sq, 03.65.Ge 1.
Time evolution of radial wave packets built from the eigenstates of Dirac equation for a hydrogenic system is considered. Radial wave packets are constructed from the states of different n quantum numbers and the same lowest angular momentum. In general they exhibit a kind of breathing motion with dispersion and (partial) revivals. Calculations show that for some particular preparations of the wave packet one can observe interesting effects in spin motion, coming from inherent entanglement of spin and orbital degrees of freedom. These effects manifest themselves through some oscillations in the mean values of spin operators and through changes of spatial probability density carried by upper and lower components of the wave function. It is also shown that the characteristic time scale of predicted effects (called T ls ) is much smaller for radial wave packets than in other cases, reaching values comparable to (or even less than) the time scale for the wave packet revival.
We discuss an extension of the theory of {\em spin-orbit pendulum} phenomenon given in [1] to relativistic approach. It is done within the so called Dirac Oscillator. Our first results, focusing on circular wave packet motion have been published recently [2]. The scope of this paper is motion of a linear wave packet. In relativistic approach we found {\em Zitterbewegung} in spin-orbit motion (in Dirac representation) due to coupling to negative energy states. This effect is washed out in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation. Another important change with respect to non-relativistic case is the loss of periodicity. The phenomenon reminds the time evolution of population inversion in Jaynes-Cummings model.
The dynamics of wave packets in a relativistic Dirac oscillator is compared to that of the Jaynes-Cummings model. The strong spin-orbit coupling of the Dirac oscillator produces the entanglement of the spin with the orbital motion similar to what is observed in the model of quantum optics. The collapses and revivals of the spin which result extend to a relativistic theory our previous findings on nonrelativistic oscillator where they were known under the name of `spin-orbit pendulum'. There are important relativistic effects (lack of periodicity, zitterbewegung, negative energy states). Many of them disappear after a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation.
We have calculated the time evolution of the density matrix reduced to the spin degree of freedom for a particle in a spherical harmonic oscillator with a constant spin-orbit interaction. We have studied two classes of spatial wave functions in the initial state: pure orbital states \ensuremath{\Vert}lm〉 and coherent states. When the initial spin is a pure state, its evolution in time produces a mixed state during a time called the collapse time. This behavior of the spin is similar to that observed in the Jaynes-Cummings model. A similar dynamics is produced for a broad range of geometrical initial conditions for the spin as well as for the wave packet. The system is exactly recurrent but we have also found the existence of approximate recurrences corresponding to a reversal of the spin direction. We have tentatively applied our result to mimic the evolution of the spin in the H atom. In this case only a few spin-orbit partners play a role and, after a long time, produce a state where the admixture is not complete. The average quantum behavior is always very different from that of a classical particle having a spin as a vector of constant length. The increase of the number 2S+1 of spin-orbit partners changes the time scale of the collapse by the factor \ensuremath{\surd}S , and a strong mixing is always observed.