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arXiv:physics/0609073 · Physical Review A

Dark optical lattice of ring traps for cold atoms

Emmanuel Courtade, Olivier Houdé, Jean‐François Clément, Philippe Verkerk, Daniel Hennequin

Published Sep 20, 2006• 26 citations
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Abstract

We propose an optical lattice for cold atoms made of a one-dimensional stack of dark ring traps. It is obtained through the interference pattern of a standard Gaussian beam with a counterpropagating hollow beam obtained using a setup with two conical lenses. The traps of the resulting lattice are characterized by a high confinement and a filling rate much larger than unity, even if loaded with cold atoms from a magneto-optical trap. We have implemented this system experimentally, and demonstrated its feasibility. Applications in statistical physics, quantum computing, and Bose-Einstein condensate dynamics are conceivable.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.74.031403

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We propose an optical lattice for cold atoms made of a one-dimensional stack of dark ring traps. It is obtained through the interference pattern of a standard Gaussian beam with a counterpropagating hollow beam obtained using a setup with two conical lenses. The traps of the resulting lattice are characterized by a high confinement and a filling rate much larger than unity, even if loaded with cold atoms from a magneto-optical trap. We have implemented this system experimentally, and demonstrated its feasibility. Applications in statistical physics, quantum computing, and Bose-Einstein condensate dynamics are conceivable.
A new geometry of optical lattice is proposed, namely a lattice made of a 1D stack of ring traps. It is obtained though the interference pattern of two counterpropagating beams: one of the beam is a standard gaussian beam, while the other one is a hollow beam obtained through a setup with two conical lenses. The resulting lattice is shown to have a high filling rate and a good confinement, so that it could be loaded directly from a MOT with applications in the domain of quantum computing, or with a Bose-Einstein condensate, which would have in this case a 1D ring geometry.
We propose a novel gravito-optical atom trap composed of a blue-detuned, conical dark-hollow-beam propagating upward and the gravity field. When cold atoms are loaded into the conical dark-hollow-beam from a magnetic-optical trap and bounce inside the hollow beam, they experience an efficient hollow-beam induced Sisyphus cooling and repumping-beam induced geometric cooling. Our investigation shows that an ultracold and dense 87 Rb atomic sample with an equilibrium 3D temperature of about 1 μK can be obtained and the appearance of an optically-trapped Bose-Einstein condensation may be possible in this pure optical trap.
Presents work on the realization of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in optical and electro-magnetic traps. We have done some theoretical and experimental work on the project. We have proposed an optical funnel or a hollow beam, which are produced from a short micron-sized hollow optical fiber or a set-up of lenses. The cold atoms extracted from an magneto-optical trap experience effective Sisyphus cooling in the dark hollow beam. We calculate the potential barriers for atomic guiding in the dark hollow beam, and analyze the atomic losses during the guiding process. Inside the hollow beam atoms experience an efficient Sisyphus cooling and repumping-beam induced geometric cooling. We have estimated the total loss rate of the cold atoms, and it shows that an ultracold and dense Rb atomic sample with a 3D temperature of /spl sim/1 K can be obtained and the appearance of an optically-trapped Bose-Einstein condensation may be possible in this optical trap. We have also made a proposal of a micro-wave electro-magnetic trap, which is working at the frequency which is very far from the optical transition of the cold atoms. The trapping force comes from the interaction between the electro-magnetic induced magnetic dipole moment with the electro-magnetic field. Theoretical calculation shows that the force can be used to trap the cold atoms in the trap.
We demonstrate the generation of single-beam dark toroidal optical intensity distributions, which are of interest for neutral atom storage and atom interferometry. We demonstrate experimentally and numerically optical potentials that contain a ring-shaped intensity minimum, bounded in all directions by higher intensity. We use a spatial light modulator to alter the phase of an incident laser beam, and analyze the resulting optical propagation characteristics. For small toroidal traps (< 50 &mgr;m diameter), we find an optimal superposition of Laguerre-Gaussian modes that allows the formation of single-beam toroidal traps. We generate larger toroidal bottle traps by focusing hollow beams with toroidal lenses imprinted onto the spatial light modulator.