Evidence for retrocausation in the field of psychophysical phenomena is to date questionable. Associated successful theoretical formulations would have to make accurate predictions and the purported evidence would have to be independently replicated. It is shown here that purported evidence for retrocausation within the field of psychophysical phenomena, such as the hypothesis of micro‐PK —that the statistical distributions of random processes are mean shifted by thought alone— can find more satisfactory descriptions. Those do not necessarily invoke transfer of information backward in time, while they provide mathematically structured formulations and allow for clear predictions. They refer to a two‐state Markovian process characterized by equal self‐transition probabilities, p=q>50%. This Markovian behavior introduces persistence and clustering of like binary states leading to a broadened scatter of statistical averages of individual micro‐PK tests about their theoretically expected mean, namely 50%, corresponding to that of an unbiased process. The origin of this broadening mechanism is currently unclear. It is, therefore, argued here that an established theory of mind‐matter interaction should precede the investigation of the validity of retrocausation within psychophysical phenomena. Thus the correct theory can be decided among alternatives.
We demonstrate the way in which vortex rings in neutral superfluids are equivalent to massive, charged, elastic strings in an electromagnetic field defined locally on the string from a Kalb-Ramond gauge field. We argue that the action thus obtained describes an intermediate scale of vortex motion with phonon fluctuations of the line between the incompressible hydrodynamic régime and the microscopic one dominated by roton emission and absorption. The formalism gives an accurate semiclassical picture of vortex string motion and is of relevance for the description of vortex ring quantum nucleation in a perturbation theory of the purely incompressible case. PACS numbers: 66.35.+a, 67.40.Vs, 11.27.+d We will discuss here in a condensed form the motion of a slightly deformed vortex ring as a massive, elastic string object under the influence of the nondissipative Magnus force and clarify the requirements for the validity of this formulation. In the hydrodynamic limit of a 2+1d superfluid there exists a direct correspondence between the genuinely relativistic electron-positron pair interaction via photons in QED and a ‘relativistic ’ point-vortex-point-antivortex pair interaction via phonons. 1,3 To obtain the motion of a vortex line, we extend this analogy to the 3+1d case by introducing elastic energy of the vortex string. The ‘relativistic ’ result for vortex motion in 2+1d as well as 3+1d will break down long before the local vortex velocity reaches the velocity of sound because the hydrodynamic treatment will cease to be valid. The microscopic excitations and vortex structure will come into play and the limiting velocity of vortex motion will be of the order of the Landau critical