A simple unbreakable cipher system is presented which uses the concept of "pseudo-bits" that has never been used in either classical or quantum cryptography.
Several encryption algorithms have been discussed in the course of this seminar. This paper will introduce two alternative approaches. A change in the concept of provable security leads to a cipher which is shown to be ”perfect with high probability”. Assuming that the memory capabilities of a potential adversary are limited a strongly-randomized cipher is devised which uses a publicly-accessible string of random bits. In this cipher the secret key is short but the plaintext can be very long. The second approach is based on quantum physics. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle guarantees the security of quantum cryptography. The first experiment which demonstrated the practicability of the only known encryption unbreakable by law of nature was conducted in 1989. The physical and technical fundamentals are introduced as well as the Quantum Key Exchange (QKE) protocol. We will demonstrate the eects of attempted eavesdropping and its detection. Finally the rapid development of the last 15 years and the currently available implementations will be presented.
Cryptography - the art of secure communications, has been developed at leastover 2500 years. Still at present, no perfectly secure as well as practicallysuitable classical or quantum cryptosystems exist. Statistically encoding theindividual bit, here we present a practical key distribution technique which isabsolutely secure both for classical and quantum keys. To achieve perfectsecurity, noise has to be strategically introduced. Noise, a detrimentalfactor, which never becomes helpful anywhere in classical and quantuminformation theory, can be used as a gift of nature in our cryptosystem sincefundamentally the coding of this cipher system does not follow the standardtechnique of classical and quantum information processing.
Quantum cryptographic systems use quantum mechanical concepts that are based on qubit superposition of states, and on the no cloning or no copying theorem to establish unbreakable cipher keys. Using optical communications the most commonly quantum mechanical property used is the polarization state of photon. However, in most quantum cryptographic algorithms a random polarization state is required. In this case, the random number generator should not be publically known, and it should be preferably reproducible. A naturally reproducible RNG can be produced using chaos functions. In this paper we review a quantum key distribution algorithm and chaos functions as RNGs. We then describe how chaos functions can be used in quantum key establishment and also a method that requires substantially fewer bits in the stream to establish the key and also a faster method.