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arXiv:nucl-th/0411072 · Physical Review C

Particle-number conservation within self-consistent random-phase approximation

Nguyen Dinh Dang

Published Feb 1, 2005• 8 citations
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Abstract

The self-consistent random-phase approximation (SCRPA) is reexamined within a multilevel-pairing model with double degeneracy. It is shown that the expressions for occupation numbers used in the original version of the SCRPA violate the particle number for nonsymmetric particle-hole (ph) spectra. A renormalization is introduced to restore the particle number, which leads to the expressions of occupation numbers similar to those derived by Hara et al. for the ph case. The results of calculations within the ph symmetric case show that this number-conserving SCRPA yields the energies of the ground state and the first excited state of the system with $\ensuremath{\Omega}+2$ particles relative to the ground state of the system with $\ensuremath{\Omega}$ particles in close agreement with those obtained within the original SCRPA. However, it gives a slightly larger correlation energy.

DOI
10.1103/physrevc.71.024302

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The self-consistent random-phase approximation (SCRPA) is reexamined within a multilevel-pairing model with double degeneracy. It is shown that the expressions for occupation numbers used in the original version of the SCRPA violate the particle number for nonsymmetric particle-hole (ph) spectra. A renormalization is introduced to restore the particle number, which leads to the expressions of occupation numbers similar to those derived by Hara et al. for the ph case. The results of calculations within the ph symmetric case show that this number-conserving SCRPA yields the energies of the ground state and the first excited state of the system with \ensuremathΩ+2\ensuremath{\Omega}+2\ensuremathΩ+2 particles relative to the ground state of the system with \ensuremathΩ\ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremathΩ particles in close agreement with those obtained within the original SCRPA. However, it gives a slightly larger correlation energy.
The self-consistent random-phase approximation (SCRPA) is extended to nonzero temperature. Within the SCRPA, the collective dynamics of nucleon pairs is built on the occupation numbers that deviate from the Fermi-Dirac distribution as a result of temperature-dependent correlations beyond the RPA. The equations for single-particle occupation numbers are derived using the method of the double-time Green's functions. The approach is applied to the Richardson model of pairing. The results of numerical calculations for energies of states and occupation numbers, as well as for the thermodynamic quantities such as the excitation energy and heat capacity of the system, are compared with those obtained within the conventional RPA and the perturbative thermal SCRPA and with the exact results. We find that, overall, the SCRPA offers a better agreement with the exact results.
The consistency condition is tested within the particle-particle random-phase approximation (RPA), renormalized RPA (RRPA), and the self-consistent RPA (SCRPA) making use of the Richardson model of pairing. The two-particle separation energy is calculated in two ways, namely, as the energy of the first addition mode, which adds two particles to a core with NNN particles, and as the energy of the first removal mode, which removes two particles from the N+2N+2N+2 particle system to get back to the same NNN-particle core. The corresponding transitions generated by the pairing operators are also calculated. It is found that the results obtained in these two ways of calculations are close to each other only at large values of particle number NNN and/or small interaction strength. At $N\ensuremath{\le}10$ for a given value of the interaction strength, the discrepancy between the results obtained in two ways of calculations within the SCRPA is much smaller than those given by the RPA and RRPA.
Particle-number projection within the Lipkin-Nogami (LN) method is applied to the self-consistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation (SCQRPA), which is tested in an exactly solvable multilevel pairing model. The SCQRPA equations are numerically solved to find the energies of the ground and excited states at various numbers \ensuremath{\Omega} of doubly degenerate equidistant levels. The use of the LN method allows one to avoid the collapse of the BCS (QRPA) to obtain the energies of the ground and excited states as smooth functions of the interaction parameter GGG. The comparison between results given by different approximations such as the SCRPA, QRPA, LNQRPA, SCQRPA, and LNSCQRPA is carried out. Although the use of the LN method significantly improves the agreement with the exact results in the intermediate coupling region, we found that in the strong coupling region the SCQRPA results are closest to the exact ones.
The dynamical effects of ground state correlations for excitation energies and transition strengths near the superfluid phase transition are studied in the soluble two level pairing model, in the context of the particle-particle self-consistent random phase approximation (SCRPA). Exact results are well reproduced across the transition region, beyond the collapse of the standard particle-particle random phase approximation. The effects of two-body correlation in the SCRPA are displayed explicitly.
The random phase approximation (RPA), the renormalized RPA (RRPA), and the self-consistent RPA (SCRPA) methods are applied to calculate the wave functions of the ground and excited states of an exactly solvable model. The approximated wave functions are expanded in the basis of the exact solutions. It is found that, when the RPA collapses, the RPA wave functions are orthogonal to the exact solutions while the RRPA and SCRPA ones have small but finite overlaps with the exact results. In spite of the apparently good agreement between the results of the RRPA, the SCRPA, and the exact solution, for the energy of the first excited state beyond the point of collapse, it is found that these approximations do not correctly describe the exact wave functions.
We show that it is possible to restore broken symmetries associated with the Goldstone mode within the self-consistent random phase approximation (SCRPA) applied to the three-level Lipkin model. To do this, it is necessary to include the so-called scattering terms in the RPA operator. We determine one- and two-body densities as very convergent expansions in terms of the generators of the RPA basis. We show that SCRPA excitations correspond to the heads of some rotational bands in the exact spectrum.