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arXiv:nucl-th/0208058 · Annals of Physics

Effective Field Theory for Fermi Systems in a Large N Expansion

R. J. Furnstahl, H.‐W. Hammer

Published Dec 1, 2002• 29 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1006/aphy.2002.6313

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Ground state of an ultracold Fermi gas of tilted dipoles

Vladimir Veljić, Aristeu R. P. Lima, Lauriane Chomaz +5 more

Many-body dipolar effects in Fermi gases are quite subtle as they energetically compete with the large kinetic energy at and below the Fermi surface (FS). Recently it was experimentally observed that its FS is deformed from a sphere to an ellipsoid due to the presence of the anisotropic and long-range dipole-dipole interaction. Moreover, it was suggested that, when the dipoles are rotated by means of an external field, the Fermi surface follows their rotation, thereby keeping the major axis of the momentum-space ellipsoid parallel to the dipoles. Here we generalise a previous Hartree-Fock mean-field theory to systems confined in an elongated triaxial trap with an arbitrary orientation of the dipoles relative to the trap. With this we study for the first time the effects of the dipoles' arbitrary orientation on the ground-state properties of the system. Furthermore, taking into account the geometry of the system, we show how the ellipsoidal FS deformation can be reconstructed, assuming ballistic expansion, from the experimentally measurable real-space aspect ratio after a free expansion. We compare our theoretical results with new experimental data measured with erbium Fermi gas for various trap parameters and dipole orientations. The observed remarkable agreement demonstrates the ability of our model to capture the full angular dependence of the FS deformation. Moreover, for systems with even higher dipole moment, our theory predicts an additional unexpected effect: the FS does not simply follow rigidly the orientation of the dipoles but softens showing a change in the aspect ratio depending on the dipoles' orientation relative to the trap geometry, as well as on the trap anisotropy itself. Our theory provides the basis for understanding and interpreting phenomena in which the investigated physics depends on the underlying structure of the FS, such as fermionic pairing and superfluidity.

•Jun 14, 2018•0 citations
Assuming that the scattering length properly describes the interaction, and taking into account the lowest-order correction effects to the strong mean-field interaction, we find that the density distributions of a Fermi gas in each spin state do not change significantly under the BCS transition, but the critical temperature is reduced significantly in comparison with the case without the fluctuation effect. The inclusion of the fluctuation correction effect for a large value of scattering length affects the expansion of a Fermi gas only in a minor way The expansion of a Fermi gas depends in a crucial way on whether the system is in the collisionless regime or in the hydrodynamic regime.
A large-N diagrammatic approach is used to study coupled quantum dots in a parallel geometry. We show that the Friedel sum rule (FSR) holds at lowest order in a 1/N expansion for this system, thereby suggesting that the ground state is a Fermi liquid. Using the FSR together with the dot occupancy, we compute the dot system's conductance. Our finding that the 1/N expansion indicates the system is a Fermi liquid is in agreement with both prior results based on the Bethe ansatz and slave boson mean field theory.
Many-body dipolar effects in Fermi gases are quite subtle as they energetically compete with the large kinetic energy at and below the Fermi surface (FS). Recently it was experimentally observed that its FS is deformed from a sphere to an ellipsoid due to the presence of the anisotropic and long-range dipole-dipole interaction. Moreover, it was suggested that, when the dipoles are rotated by means of an external field, the Fermi surface follows their rotation, thereby keeping the major axis of the momentum-space ellipsoid parallel to the dipoles. Here we generalise a previous Hartree-Fock mean-field theory to systems confined in an elongated triaxial trap with an arbitrary orientation of the dipoles relative to the trap. With this we study for the first time the effects of the dipoles' arbitrary orientation on the ground-state properties of the system. Furthermore, taking into account the geometry of the system, we show how the ellipsoidal FS deformation can be reconstructed, assuming ballistic expansion, from the experimentally measurable real-space aspect ratio after a free expansion. We compare our theoretical results with new experimental data measured with erbium Fermi gas for various trap parameters and dipole orientations. The observed remarkable agreement demonstrates the ability of our model to capture the full angular dependence of the FS deformation. Moreover, for systems with even higher dipole moment, our theory predicts an additional unexpected effect: the FS does not simply follow rigidly the orientation of the dipoles but softens showing a change in the aspect ratio depending on the dipoles' orientation relative to the trap geometry, as well as on the trap anisotropy itself. Our theory provides the basis for understanding and interpreting phenomena in which the investigated physics depends on the underlying structure of the FS, such as fermionic pairing and superfluidity.