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arXiv:math-ph/0505072

Symbol calculus for the Kepler problem

S. A. Pol'shin

Published May 26, 2005• 0 citations
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Abstract

We construct the system of generalized coherent states for the quantum Kepler problem corresponds to the homogeneous domain $SU(2,2)/S(U(2)\times U(2))$. We show that the SU(2,2)-equivariant momentum map for this domain yields the momentum map for the classical Kepler problem via appropriate limiting passage. We also show that under this passage the average values of quantum observables in this system of coherent states pass into the functions on classical phase space and $-i/h$ times commutator pass into the Poisson bracket.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.math-ph/0505072

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We construct the system of generalized coherent states for the quantum Kepler problem corresponds to the homogeneous domain SU(2,2)/S(U(2)×U(2))SU(2,2)/S(U(2)\times U(2))SU(2,2)/S(U(2)×U(2)). We show that the SU(2,2)-equivariant momentum map for this domain yields the momentum map for the classical Kepler problem via appropriate limiting passage. We also show that under this passage the average values of quantum observables in this system of coherent states pass into the functions on classical phase space and −i/h-i/h−i/h times commutator pass into the Poisson bracket.
An explicit and uniform construction for coherent states (CS) for all the SU(N) groups is given and, on this basis, their properties are investigated. The CS are parametrized by the dots of a coset space, which is, in this particular case, the projective space CP N-1 and which plays the role of the phase space in the corresponding classical mechanics. The logarithm of the modulus of the CS overlap, being interpreted as assymmetric in the space, gives the Fubini-Study metric in CP N-1 . The classical limit is investigated in terms of operator symbols. h=P -1 (where P is the signature of the representation) plays the role of Planck's constant. The classical limit of the so called star commutator of the symbols generates the Poisson bracket in the corresponding phase space. The CS form an overcompleted system in the representation space and, as quantum states possess a minimum uncertainty, they minimize an invariant dispersion of the quadratic Casimir operator.
This work can be considered as a continuation of our previous study, in which an explicit form of coherent states (cs) for all SU(N) groups was constructed by means of representations on polynomials. Here we extend that approach to any SU(l, 1) group and construct explicitly corresponding cs. The cs are parametrized by dots of a coset space, which is, in that particular case, the open complex ball CD l . This space together with the projective space CP l , which parametrizes the cs of the SU(l + 1) group, exhaust all complex spaces of constant curvature. Thus, both sets of cs provide a possibility for an explicit analysis of the quantization problem on all the spaces of constant curvature. This is why the cs of the SU(N) and SU(l, 1) groups are of importance in connection with quantization theory. The constructed cs form an overcompleted system in the representation space and, as quantum states possessing a minimum uncertainty, they minimize an invariant dispersion of the quadratic Casimir operator. The classical limit is investigated in terms of symbols of operators; the limit of the so called star commutator of the symbols generates the Poisson bracket in CD l , the latter plays the role of the phase space for the corresponding classical mechanics.
Starting from the axioms of quantum mechanics as formalized by the systems of imprimitivity for homogeneous Riemannian manifolds, the classical theory is derived as a consequence, complete with its phase space realized as the space of pure classical states, a generalized version of the Wigner–Moyal correspondence rule, the Jordan and Lie algebra structures of functions on the cotangent bundle, given by point-wise multiplication and Poisson bracket, and the momentum map. A comparison is also given of the quantum and classical dynamics and equilibrium statistical mechanics of free particles on compact manifolds of constant negative curvature.
We consider a family of holomorphic embeddings K f : C 3 → CP(M f ) of nondegenerate quadric C 3 in C 4 into complex projective Hilbert space CP(M f ) parametrized by functions f ∈ F 3 ⊂ C∞ (R + , R). We show that there is a natural correspondence between this and the Kepler system. Taking this into account we give a complete classical as well as quantum description of the system in terms of the map K f . In this way we illustrate in the paper a nontrivial application of the theory developed in our earlier publications
A quantum mechanical representation suitable for studying the time evolution of quantum densities in phase space is proposed and examined in detail. This representation on ℒ2 (2) phase space is based on definitions of the operators P̂ and Q̂ in phase space that satisfy various correspondences for the Liouville equation in classical and quantum phase space, as well as quantum position and momentum ℒ2 (1) spaces. The definitions presented here, P̂=p/2−iℏ∂/∂q and Q̂=q/2+iℏ∂/∂p, are related to definitions that have been recently proposed [J. Chem. Phys. 93, 8862 (1990)]. The resulting quantum phase space representation shares many of the mathematical properties of usual representations in coordinate and momentum spaces. Within this representation, time evolution equations for complex-valued functions (wave functions) and their square magnitudes (distribution functions) are derived, and it is shown that the coordinate and momentum space time evolution equations can be recovered by a simple Fourier projection. The phase space quantum probability conservation equation obtained is a good illustration of the quantization rule that requires one to replace the classical Poisson bracket between the Hamiltonian and the probability density with the quantum commutator between the corresponding operators. The possible classical analogs to quantum probabilities densities are also considered and some of the present results are illustrated for the dynamics of the coherent state.