Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is a central algorithmic primitive that estimates eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian up to precision
ε in Heisenberg-limited time
T=Θ(1/ε). Standard gate-based implementations of QPE require deep controlled time-evolution circuits and are not native to analog hardware. Here, we present a simple adiabatic protocol for QPE that achieves (up to logarithmic factors) the optimal Heisenberg-limited scaling
T=O(ε1log(δ−1)) in both the precision
ε and failure probability
δ. By encoding eigenvalues in populations of computational basis states rather than complex phases, our approach is naturally robust against certain dephasing errors. The adiabatic protocol only requires the ability to couple a single ancilla qubit to the system Hamiltonian as well as pairwise couplings within the ancilla register.
We consider attractive and repulsive condensates in a ring trap stirred by a weak link, and analyze the spectrum of solitonic trains dragged by the link, by means of analytical expressions for the wave functions, energies, and currents. The precise evolution of current production and destruction in terms of defect formation in the ring and in terms of stirring is studied. We find that any excited state can be coupled to the ground state through two proposed methods: either by adiabatically tuning the link's strength and velocity through precise cycles which avoid the critical velocities and thus unstable regions or by keeping the link still while setting an auxiliary potential and imprinting a nonlinear phase as the potential is turned off. We also analyze hysteresis cycles through the spectrum of energies and currents.