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arXiv:hep-th/9809092

Equivalence between a bosonic theory and a massive non-local Thirring model at Finite Temperature

M. V. Manías, Marta L. Trobo

Published Sep 14, 1998• 0 citations

Abstract

Using the path-integral bosonization procedure at Finite Temperature we study the equivalence between a massive Thirring model with non-local interaction between currents (NLMT) and a non-local extension of the sine-Gordon theory (NLSG). To this end we make a perturbative expansion in the mass parameter of the NLMT model and in the cosine term of the NLSG theory in order to obtain explicit expressions for the corresponding partition functions. We conclude that for certain relationship between NLMT and NLSG potentials both the fermionic and bosonic expansions are equal term by term. This result constitutes a generalization of Coleman's equivalence at T=0, when considering a Thirring model with bilocal potentials in the interaction term at Finite Temperature. The study of this model is relevant in connection with the physics of strongly correlated systems in one spatial dimension. Indeed, in the language of many-body non-relativistic systems, the relativistic mass term can be shown to represent the introduction of backward-scattering effects.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9809092

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Using the path-integral bosonization procedure at Finite Temperature we study the equivalence between a massive Thirring model with non-local interaction between currents (NLMT) and a non-local extension of the sine-Gordon theory (NLSG). To this end we make a perturbative expansion in the mass parameter of the NLMT model and in the cosine term of the NLSG theory in order to obtain explicit expressions for the corresponding partition functions. We conclude that for certain relationship between NLMT and NLSG potentials both the fermionic and bosonic expansions are equal term by term. This result constitutes a generalization of Coleman's equivalence at T=0, when considering a Thirring model with bilocal potentials in the interaction term at Finite Temperature. The study of this model is relevant in connection with the physics of strongly correlated systems in one spatial dimension. Indeed, in the language of many-body non-relativistic systems, the relativistic mass term can be shown to represent the introduction of backward-scattering effects.

We study, through path-integral methods, an extension of the massive Thirring model in which the interaction between currents is non-local. By examining the mass expansion of the partition function we show that this non-local massive Thirring model is equivalent to a certain non-local extension of the sine-Gordon theory. Thus, we establish a non-local generalization of the well known Coleman's equivalence. We also discuss some possible applications of this result in the context of one-dimensional strongly correlated systems and finite-size quantum field theories.

For the quantum sine-Gordon--massive Thirring model at finite temperature, the relationship between the Bethe ansatz ``elementary excitations'' and physical excitations of the system is examined. The thermodynamic equations are written in terms of a set of dressed particles in the general case. We find that the recently predicted soliton mass discontinuity (on varying coupling strength at finite temperature) is not a real effect--the function exhibiting the discontinuity does not correspond to the mass of the soliton.

We study a massive Thirring-like model in 2-dimensional space-time, which contains two different species of fermions. This model is a field theoretical version of the quantum mechanical model originally proposed by Glöckle, Nogami and Fukui, where different fermions interact with each other through δ-function potentials. We derive a corresponding boson model by the bosonization technique in the path integral formulation. This is a simple but non-trivial extension of the freedom of the bosonization technique. Operator correspondences between fermion and boson fields are given. One of these could not be realistically expected from the naive correspondence of the original single-species models. It is essential for this point that in our model fermions of the same kind do not interact with each other directly. We find that for a specific value of the coupling constant, one boson field becomes free while the other is a Sine-Gordon field. For this case, therefore, our two-species model is equivalent to the ordinary Sine-Gordon model of a single boson field.

We discuss a 1D many-body model of distinguishable particles with local, momentum dependent two-body interactions. We show that the restriction of this model to fermions corresponds to the non-relativistic limit of the massive Thirring model. This fermion model can be solved exactly by a mapping to the 1D boson gas with inverse coupling constant. We provide evidence that this mapping is the non-relativistic limit of the duality between the massive Thirring model and the quantum sine-Gordon model. We also investigate the question if the generalization of this model to distinguishable particles is exactly solvable by the coordinate Bethe ansatz and find that this is not the case.

Bosonisation is a technique for studying one-dimensional fermion systems by the means of transforming them to a boson system. S. Coleman showed that the correlation functions for the Sine Gordon field, a massless boson with a cosine interaction term, coincide with those of the massive Thirring model, which is a Dirac fermion with self-interactions. An explicit map can be found between these two systems, and it can in fact be generalised to an entire class of fermions in which the boson-fermion correspondence is a well-defined operator equality in Fock space. More generally, it is a widely used technique to transform a model into another whose nature simplifies the solution or allows for obtaining more information that appears more clearly in the new representation. Another example is the Jordan Wigner transformation, which associates quantum spin chains to one-dimensional fermions. Some aspects about the statistical properties of the chain can be inferred from the fermionic representation, and more properties can be studied by applying bosonisation and examine the system in this new representation.

With the use of the Matsubara technique three things are done: (1) the lifetime of the

n=1

breather (i.e., the renormalized phonon) is determined, (2)

\frac{{M}_{2}}{(2{M}_{1})}

in the weak-coupling limit is calculated, and (3)

\frac{{M}_{1}}{(2{E}_{s})}

near ${g}^{2}=4\ensuremath{\pi}$ is determined by making use of the equivalence between the sine-Gordon model and the massive Thirring model. Here

{M}_{n}

is the mass of the

n

th breather and

{E}_{s}

is the soliton energy. It is also shown that the ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}^{4}$ model has the identical bosonic spectrum to that of the sine-Gordon system in the weak-coupling limit and in the low-temperature limit.