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arXiv:hep-th/0304205 · Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

Quantum projectors and local operators in lattice integrable models

Takeshi Oota

Published Dec 15, 2003• 22 citations
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Abstract

In the framework of the quantum inverse scattering method, we consider a problem of constructing local operators for one-dimensional quantum integrable models, especially for the lattice versions of the nonlinear Schrödinger and sine-Gordon models. We show that a certain class of local operators can be constructed from the matrix elements of the monodromy matrix in a simple way. They are closely related to the quantum projectors and have nice commutation relations with half of the matrix elements of the elementary monodromy matrix. The form factors of these operators can be calculated by using the standard algebraic Bethe ansatz techniques.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/37/2/013

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In the framework of the quantum inverse scattering method, we consider a problem of constructing local operators for one-dimensional quantum integrable models, especially for the lattice versions of the nonlinear Schrödinger and sine-Gordon models. We show that a certain class of local operators can be constructed from the matrix elements of the monodromy matrix in a simple way. They are closely related to the quantum projectors and have nice commutation relations with half of the matrix elements of the elementary monodromy matrix. The form factors of these operators can be calculated by using the standard algebraic Bethe ansatz techniques.
We study integrable models solvable by the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz and possessing the GL(3)-invariant R-matrix.We consider a composite model where the total monodromy matrix of the model is presented as a product of two partial monodromy matrices.Assuming that the last ones can be expanded into series with respect to the inverse spectral parameter we calculate matrix elements of the local operators in the basis of the transfer matrix eigenstates.We obtain determinant representations for these matrix elements.Thus, we solve the inverse scattering problem in a weak sense.
We study integrable models solvable by the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz andpossessing the GL(3)-invariant R-matrix. We consider a composite model wherethe total monodromy matrix of the model is presented as a product of twopartial monodromy matrices. Assuming that the last ones can be expanded intoseries with respect to the inverse spectral parameter we calculate matrixelements of the local operators in the basis of the transfer matrixeigenstates. We obtain determinant representations for these matrix elements.Thus, we solve the inverse scattering problem in a weak sense.
We study integrable models solvable by the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz and possessing the GL(3)-invariant R-matrix. We consider a composite model where the total monodromy matrix of the model is presented as a product of two partial monodromy matrices. Assuming that the last ones can be expanded into series with respect to the inverse spectral parameter we calculate matrix elements of the local operators in the basis of the transfer matrix eigenstates. We obtain determinant representations for these matrix elements. Thus, we solve the inverse scattering problem in a weak sense.
We develop a method for computing form factors of local operators in the framework of Sklyanin's separation of variables (SOV) approach to quantum integrable systems.For that purpose, we consider the sine-Gordon model on a finite lattice and in finite dimensional cyclic representations as our main example.We first build our two central tools for computing matrix elements of local operators, namely, a generic determinant formula for the scalar products of states in the SOV framework and the reconstruction of local fields in terms of the separate variables.The general form factors are then obtained as sums of determinants of finite dimensional matrices, their matrix elements being given as weighted sums running over the separate variables and involving the Baxter Q-operator eigenvalues.
The linear problem associated with the Lax operator of the classical sine-Gordon theory can be recast into the monodromy matrix form that can be extended to quantum theory as well. Product of the quantum monodromy matrices will have contributions from the singularities arising out of the operator product expansions of sine-Gordon field. This enables one to find the star-triangle relations. This is a generalization of the method used by Thacker for the non-relativistic nonlinear Schrödinger field theory. In the infinite volume limit, it leads to an unambiguous description of the algebra involving the scattering data operators. Starting from a vacuum the module of physical states are constructed by the application of chains of the scattering operators and they turn out to have definite eigenvalues of energy and momentum. The mass-spectra and two-particle S matrix elements can be calculated straightforwardly and they coincide with the well-known results of Zamolodchikov and Zamolodchikov. It is also shown that the particle states can be created by a generalized Jordon-Wigner transformation of the free fermionic creation operators — thus establishing a link between the S matrix element and certain co-cycles.
The quantum inverse scattering transform method previously developed for continuum field theories is applied to the exactly soluble symmetric six-vertex (ice or ferroelectric) lattice model. Operators analogous to those which appear in the quantum inverse treatment of the nonlinear Schrödinger and sine–Gordon equations are constructed on the lattice by forming strings of vertices contracted over horizontal arrows. From the commutation relations for these operators, exact formulas for the eigenstates and eigenvalues of the transfer matrix are obtained without making an explicit ansatz for the wave functions. These results illustrate the connection between the quantum inverse method and the transfer matrix formalism for lattice models.