The phase spaces of the two- and three-frequency sine-Gordon models are examined in the framework of the truncated conformal space approach. The focus is mainly on a tricritical point in the phase space of the three-frequency model. We give substantial evidence that this point exists. We also find the critical line in the phase space and present TCSA data showing the change of the spectrum on the critical line as the tricritical endpoint is approached. We find a few points of the line of first-order transition as well.
We study the quantum sine-Gordon model within a nonperturbative functional renormalization-group approach (FRG). This approach is benchmarked by comparing our findings for the soliton and lightest breather (soliton-antisoliton bound state) masses to exact results. We then examine the validity of the Lukyanov-Zamolodchikov conjecture for the expectation value ⟨e^{(i/2)nβφ}⟩ of the exponential fields in the massive phase (n is integer and 2π/β denotes the periodicity of the potential in the sine-Gordon model). We find that the minimum of the relative and absolute disagreements between the FRG results and the conjecture is smaller than 0.01.