What happens to the entropy increase principle as the Universe evolve to form the big-crunch singularity? What happens to the uncertainity relations along the process of gravitational collapses? What is the quantum mechanical description of a Radon atom in a rigid box when the distance of consecutive nodes and antinodes of $ψ$ is equal to or less than the diameter of the atom? What is the position-space wave function of two finite volume massive bosons if we take contact interaction into account? How a photon produce electron-positron pair with finite volume concentrate rest masses? What are the charges of the electron-positron pairs forming loops in the vacuum? How two particles with three-momentums $k_1, k_2$ $(k_1 \neq k_2)$ produced to form a loop at a space-time point always arrive at another spacial point simultaneously? What is the microscopic explanation in terms of particle exchanges of the force in the Casimir effect? What is the mechanism of the collapse of the momentum-space wave function of a particle knocking out an elctron from an atom? What is meant by $|Ψ> = {c_1 (t)}|Ψ_{U^{238}}> + {c_2 (t)}|Ψ_{Th^{234}}> ~?$ Quantum mechanically the region between the rigid walls (which is equiprobable in classical mechanics) is non-homogeneous for a particle in a rigid box ! The large scale structure of the Universe is homogeneous.
What happens to the entropy increase principle as the Universe evolve to form the big-crunch singularity? What happens to the uncertainity relations along the process of gravitational collapses? What is the quantum mechanical description of a Radon atom in a rigid box when the distance of consecutive nodes and antinodes of ψ is equal to or less than the diameter of the atom? What is the position-space wave function of two finite volume massive bosons if we take contact interaction into account? How a photon produce electron-positron pair with finite volume concentrate rest masses? What are the charges of the electron-positron pairs forming loops in the vacuum? How two particles with three-momentums k1,k2(k1=k2) produced to form a loop at a space-time point always arrive at another spacial point simultaneously? What is the microscopic explanation in terms of particle exchanges of the force in the Casimir effect? What is the mechanism of the collapse of the momentum-space wave function of a particle knocking out an elctron from an atom? What is meant by ∣Ψ>=c1(t)∣ΨU238>+c2(t)∣ΨTh234>? Quantum mechanically the region between the rigid walls (which is equiprobable in classical mechanics) is non-homogeneous for a particle in a rigid box ! The large scale structure of the Universe is homogeneous.
There are several links between information theory — between »information as such« whatever that might mean — and the foundations of nature, i e, basic physics. Well, since physics a science still evolving (despite propositions that »the end of science« now in sight), some of the links between information and physics are hypothetical. One linkage fairly obvious — thermodynamics depends upon entropy or some measure of order or disorder, and that clearly has something to do with information. The other possible relationship might be between the uncertainty that a key characteristic of quantum mechanics. We can never know everything on the quantum scale; the Heisenberg uncertainty principle tells that the more information we gain in one direction the less we know in another. If we, on that scale, obtain certainty as to one factor, then another will stay entirely undecided — try to affix a position to a quantum particle, and the momentum will be out of bounds entirely. (This the established dogma currently, though there are some deviating ideas.1) Then the question arises: who does the actual measuring, with what — what particles, at what level, are involved in this act of, as it pronounced, forcing the wave function to collapse? This wave function is the indeterminate particle: the various statistics describing the probabilities that the particle (which simultaneously takes on aspects of a wave) may be in one state or another. We will now attempt to discuss these different — or are they really different? — interdependencies, starting with black holes.
What happens to the entropy increase principle as the Universe evolve to form the big-crunch singularity? What happens to the uncertainity relations along the process of gravitational collapses? What is the quantum mechanical description of a Radon atom in a rigid box when the distance of consecutive nodes and antinodes of ψ is equal to or less than the diameter of the atom? What is the position-space wave function of two finite volume massive bosons if we take contact interaction into account? How a photon produce electron-positron pair with finite volume concentrate rest masses? What are the charges of the electron-positron pairs forming loops in the vacuum? How two particles with three-momentums k1,k2(k1=k2) produced to form a loop at a space-time point always arrive at another spacial point simultaneously? What is the microscopic explanation in terms of particle exchanges of the force in the Casimir effect? What is the mechanism of the collapse of the momentum-space wave function of a particle knocking out an elctron from an atom? What is meant by ∣Ψ>=c1(t)∣ΨU238>+c2(t)∣ΨTh234>? Quantum mechanically the region between the rigid walls (which is equiprobable in classical mechanics) is non-homogeneous for a particle in a rigid box. A photon can not reproduce Maxwell's equations apart from moving with velocity c. How can a process involving only a few photons be described starting from the Maxwell's equations? The large scale structure of the Universe is homogeneous. What is the screen in our brains to view objects, as they are, of sizes larger than our brains?
Essentially, in this paper we propose a new description of the quantum dynamics by two relativistic propagation wave packets, in the two conjugated spaces, of the coordinates and of the momentum. Compared to the Schrödinger-Dirac equation, which describes a free particle by a wave function continuously expanding in time, considered as the amplitude of a probabilistic distribution of this particle, the new equations describe a free particle as an invariant distribution of matter propagating in the two spaces, as it should be. Matter quantization arises from the equality of the integral of the matter density with the mass describing the dynamics of this density in the phases of the wave packets. In this description, the classical Lagrange and Hamilton equations are obtained as the group velocities of the two wave packets in the coordinate and momentum spaces. When to the relativistic Lagrangian we add terms with a vector potential conjugated to coordinates, as in the Aharonov-Bohm effect, and a scalar potential conjugated to time, we obtain the Lorentz force and the Maxwell equations as characteristics of the quantum dynamics. In this framework, the conventional Schrödinger-Dirac equations of a quantum particle in an electromagnetic field obtain additional terms explicitly depending on velocity, as is expected in the framework of relativistic theory. Such a particle wave function takes the form of a rapidly varying wave, with the frequency corresponding to the rest energy, modulated by the electric potential where this particle is confined, the vector potential of the electromagnetic radiation, and the gravitational potential. In the gravitational field of a black hole, the velocity of a quantum particle is directed to the Schwarzschild boundary from the outside and from the inside, without passing this boundary. When the very strong gravitational field of a large agglomeration of matter has spherical symmetry with a radius smaller than the Schwarzschild radius, the quantum particles in the central region are crushed up to quasi-uniform distributions of matter, exploding with velocities much larger than the light velocity, towards the Schwarzschild boundary, but decelerating in the gravitational field and reaching this boundary only in an infinite time. The matter of a black hole has the tendency to concentrate around the Schwarzschild boundary, with a radius proportional to its mass. In this framework, we believe that our universe is a huge black hole, with the explosion of its central matter as the Big Bang-inflation process, and an increasing radius on account of an absorption of matter from the Total Universe, where our universe has been formed. In a gravitational wave, the time-space interval in the first-order approximation is the product of a gravitational invariant including the amplitude tensor, and a coordinate invariant including the polarization vector. The gravitational invariant describes a rotation of the metric tensor around the direction of the propagation of this wave, with spin 2, as a gravitational quantum called graviton. The coordinate invariant describes a matter rotation with the spins ½ for Fermions, and 1 for Bosons. From the new dynamic equations, for a free particle in the coordinate and momentum spaces, we reobtain the two basic equations of the quantum field theory, but with a change of sign, and an additional term depending on momentum, to the rest mass as the eigenvalue of these equations. However, when these eigenvalues are eliminated, the wave function takes the form of a wave packet of spinors of the same form as in the conventional quantum field theory, with a normalization volume as the integral of the ratio of the energy to the rest energy, over the momentum domain which gives finite dimensions to the quantum particle, as a finite distribution of matter in the coordinate space.
Quantum mechanics represents one of the great conceptual revolu- tions of the 20th century. It has raised a huge number of fundamental questions of both physical and philosophical kind. • What does matter mean at all? • What are the main properties or characteristics of matter? • Can matter be reduced to information? • Is our universe probabilistic at the most fundamental level? • Are there non-local correlations in nature? • Are non-causal interconnections between physical systems possible?
Contemporary physics and Quantum Field Theory (QFT) have long regarded "Wave-Particle Duality" as a mysterious attribute built into microscopic entities, and have dimensionally reduced "Virtual Particles" in the quantum vacuum to transient, random ghosts limited only by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. This phenomenological mathematical treatment has thoroughly stripped wave phenomena and vacuum fluctuations of their substantive geometric significance. Grounded in the extreme topological framework of the 0/∞ Null Model, this research proposes a pure mechanical re-interpretation model that completely discards statistical probability theory. This paper rigorously demonstrates at the level of geometric ontology: the physical three-dimensional cosmic manifold we inhabit is, in fact, encapsulated within a "4D Riemann Spherical Membrane" forged by the extreme crushing of countless deadlocked particles and possessing a global, infinite gravitational potential. For topological boundaries such as photons, which encapsulate an absolute vacuum internally and have a rest mass of m=0, they are not subject to inertial drag in three-dimensional space, yet simultaneously endure an "infinite topological gravity from all directions" originating from the 4D shell. This global infinite pull endows the photon with its true kinematic limit—namely, "Infinite Speed." Driven by a propagation rate approaching infinity, the photon, within a macroscopic finite time resolution, instantaneously traverses all spatial coordinates within the three-dimensional geometric interstices, thereby exhibiting a pervasive, continuous "Wave State" characterized by interference. The so-called "Observer Collapse" is by no means an idealistic magic involving the intervention of subjective consciousness, but rather an unavoidable substantive physical collision exerted upon this infinite-speed topological boundary by a macroscopic multi-field coupled system possessing massive mass (such as a measuring instrument). This cosmic-scale "Braking Effect" forces the photon to be forcibly dragged down and dimensionally reduced to the maximum geometric tangent limit tolerable by the macroscopic 3D universe (the speed of light c), thereby converging and anchoring into a "Particle State" possessing definite coordinates. Simultaneously, this research redefines the ontology of wave functions and virtual particles. The wave function is not an abstract probability, but an "acting force information structure" excited by the infinite phase transition energy of the "Singularity Big Bang" and "Singularity Big Crunch." These acting forces act like absolutely rigid straight lines in mathematics, penetrating the entire 3D spacetime. When this 1D straight line encounters the infinite gravitational traction of the 4D spatial membrane, it inevitably generates extreme high-frequency geometric oscillations. The "infinite points" presented by the shattering of the straight line under infinite-speed oscillation are precisely the virtual particles observed by quantum mechanics. Virtual particles have never randomly "generated and annihilated" out of thin air in the vacuum; rather, they are the substantive topological fluctuations of the underlying 1D geometric straight line alternating between a continuous wave state (line) and a discrete particle state (point) at infinite speed.