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arXiv:gr-qc/0201039

Super-Relativity and State-Dependent Gauge Fields

Peter Leifer

Published Jan 11, 2002• 1 citation
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Abstract

State-dependent gauge principle invoked to realize the relativity to a measuring device, has been proposed. Self-consistent global (cosmic) potential forms the state space of the fundamental field and its connection, agreed with Fubini-Study metric of $CP(N-1)$, serves as state-dependent gauge potential. In this framework the linearity of the ordinary quantum mechanics appears as a `tangent approximation' to the totally nonlinear underlying pre-dynamical `functional' field theory on $CP(N-1)$.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/0201039

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State-dependent gauge principle invoked to realize the relativity to a measuring device, has been proposed. Self-consistent global (cosmic) potential forms the state space of the fundamental field and its connection, agreed with Fubini-Study metric of CP(N−1)CP(N-1)CP(N−1), serves as state-dependent gauge potential. In this framework the linearity of the ordinary quantum mechanics appears as a tangent approximation' to the totally nonlinear underlying pre-dynamical functional' field theory on CP(N−1)CP(N-1)CP(N−1).
In order to prevent ``unavoidable'' break-down of the ``peaceful coexistence'' between foundations of quantum theory and relativity I propose a new type of a quantum gauge theory (superrelativity). This differs from ordinary gauge theories in the sense that the affine connection of this theory is constructed from first derivatives of the Fubini-Study metric tensor in the projective Hilbert space of the pure quantum states CP(N). That is we have not merely analogy with general relativity but this construction should presumably provide a unification of general relativity and quantum theory.
Gauge fields frequently used as an independent construction additional to so-called wave fields of matter. This artificial separation is of course useful in some applications (like Berry's interactions between the "heavy" and "light" sub-systems) but it is restrictive on the fundamental level of "elementary" particles and entangled states. It is shown that the linear superposition of action states and non-linear dynamics of the local dynamical variables form an oscillons of energy representing non-local particles - "lumps" arising together with their "affine gauge potential" agrees with Fubini-Study metric. I use the conservation laws of local dynamical variables (LDV's) during affine parallel transport in complex projective Hilbert space CP(N−1)CP(N-1)CP(N−1) for twofold aim. Firstly, I formulate the variation problem for the ``affine gauge potential" as system of partial differential equations \cite{Le1}. Their solutions provide embedding quantum dynamics into dynamical space-time whose state-dependent coordinates related to the qubit spinor subjected to Lorentz transformations of "quantum boosts" and "quantum rotations". Thereby, the problem of quantum measurement being reformulated as the comparison of LDV's during their affine parallel transport in CP(N−1)CP(N-1)CP(N−1), is inherently connected with space-time emergences. Secondly, the important application of these fields is the completeness of quantum theory. The EPR and Schrödinger's Cat paradoxes are discussed from the point of view of the restored Lorentz invariance due to the affine parallel transport of local Hamiltonian of the soliton-like field.
The reconstruction of the unitary symmetry \cite{TFD} under non-linear dynamical mapping Hilbert space of action amplitudes CNC^NCN onto projective Hilbert space CP(N−1)CP(N-1)CP(N−1) \cite{Le1} has been applied here to the quantum dynamics of elementary vacuum excitations. The "vacuum manifold of virtual action states" is represented here by CP(N−1)CP(N-1)CP(N−1) whereas its tangent vectors define local dynamical variables (LDV's) describing "matter". The conservation laws of LDV's express self-conservation of the "material particles" during continuous evolution being expressed as the affine parallel transport agrees with Fubuni-Study metric, create the "affine gauge potential" as the solution of the partial differential equations. Such procedure embeds the quantum dynamics into dynamical space-time whose state-dependent coordinates arose due to encoding results of quantum measurement by the qubit spinor whose components subjected to Lorentz transformations of "quantum boosts" and "quantum rotations". Thereby, in the framework of super-relativity, the objective character of the quantum measurement is inherently related to the dynamical space-time structure that replaces the notion of "observer".
A new type of gauge quantum theory (superrelativity) has been proposed. This differs from ordinary gauge theories in sense that the affine connection of our theory is constructed from first derivatives of the Fubini-Study metric tensor. That is we have not merely analogy with general relativity but this construction should presumably provide a unification of general relativity and quantum theory. Here we shall discuss the physical meaning of metric properties of the projective Hilbert space and manifestation of its nontrivial physical character.
Principle of ``Superrelativity'' has been proposed in order to avoid the contradiction between principle of relativity and foundations of quantum theory. Solutions of a newly derived non-linear Klein-Gordon equation presumably may be treated as primordial nonlocal elements of quantum theory. It is shown that in the framework of CP(N-1) model supplementary elements which are non-local in spacetime but local in the projective Hilbert space permit us to avoid at least one of the main difficulties of quantum theory-the necessity to relate the ``reality'' of a quantum state with a measuring process. In the framework of superrelativity the geometry of the projective Hilbert space (Fubini-Study metric and connection) together with the non-linear wave equation are full and closed quantum scheme.
We add nonlinear and state-dependent terms to quantum field theory. We show that the resulting low-energy theory, nonlinear quantum mechanics, is causal, preserves probability and permits a consistent description of the process of measurement. We explore the consequences of such terms and show that nonlinear quantum effects can be observed in macroscopic systems even in the presence of decoherence. We find that current experimental bounds on these nonlinearities are weak and propose several experimental methods to significantly probe these effects. The locally exploitable effects of these nonlinearities have enormous technological implications. For example, they would allow large-scale parallelization of computing (in fact, any other effort) and enable quantum sensing beyond the standard quantum limit. We also expose a fundamental vulnerability of any nonlinear modification of quantum mechanics---these modifications are highly sensitive to cosmic history and their locally exploitable effects can dynamically disappear if the observed universe has a tiny overlap with the overall quantum state of the universe, as is predicted in conventional inflationary cosmology. We identify observables that should persist in this case and discuss opportunities to detect them in cosmic ray experiments, tests of strong field general relativity and current probes of the equation of state of the universe. Nonlinear quantum mechanics also enables novel gravitational phenomena and may open new directions to solve the black hole information problem and to uncover the theory underlying quantum field theory and gravitation.