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arXiv:cond-mat/9906034 · Physical Review A

Quantum teleportation in a solid-state system

John Henry Reina, Neil F. Johnson

Published Dec 8, 2000• 30 citations
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Abstract

We propose a practical solid-state system capable of demonstrating quantum teleportation. The setup exploits recent advances in the optical control of excitons in coupled quantum dots, in order to produce maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. Only two unitary transformations are then required: a quantum controlled-$\mathrm{NOT}$ gate and a Hadamard gate. The laser pulses necessary to generate the maximally entangled states, and the corresponding unitary transformations, are given explicitly.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.63.012303

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We propose a practical solid-state system capable of demonstrating quantum teleportation. The setup exploits recent advances in the optical control of excitons in coupled quantum dots, in order to produce maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. Only two unitary transformations are then required: a quantum controlled-NOT\mathrm{NOT}NOT gate and a Hadamard gate. The laser pulses necessary to generate the maximally entangled states, and the corresponding unitary transformations, are given explicitly.
We show that excitons in coupled quantum dots are ideal candidates for reliable preparation of entangled states in solid-state systems. An optically controlled exciton transfer process is shown to lead to the generation of Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states in systems comprising two and three coupled dots, respectively. The strength and duration of selective light pulses for producing maximally entangled states are identified by both analytic and full numerical solution of the quantum dynamical equations. Experimental requirements to build such entangled states are discussed.
We show how optically driven coupled quantum dots can be used to prepare maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. Manipulation of the strength and duration of the selective light pulses needed for producing these highly entangled states provides us with crucial elements for the processing of solid-state-based quantum information. Theoretical predictions suggest that several hundred single quantum bit rotations and controlled-NOT gates could be performed before decoherence of the excitonic states takes place.
Optically controlled exciton dynamics in coupled quantum dots is studied. We show that the maximally entangled Bell states and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states can be robustly generated by manipulating the system parameters to be at the avoided crossings in the eigenenergy spectrum. The analysis of population transfer is systematically carried out by using a dressed-state picture. In addition to the quantum dot configuration that has been discussed by Quiroga and Johnson [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2270 (1999)], we show that the GHZ states also may be produced in a ray of three quantum dots with a shorter generation time.
A major question for condensed matter physics is whether a solid-state quantum computer can ever be built. Here we discuss two different schemes for quantum information processing using semiconductor nanostructures. First, we show how optically driven coupled quantum dots can be used to prepare maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states by varying the strength and duration of selective light pulses. The setup allows us to perform an all-optical generation of the quantum teleportation of an excitonic state in an array of coupled quantum dots. Second, we give a proposal for reliable implementation of quantum logic gates and long decoherence times in a quantum dots system based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), where the nuclear resonance is controlled by the ground state transitions of few-electron QDs in an external magnetic field. The dynamical evolution of these systems in the presence of environmentally-induced decoherence effects is also discussed.
Most of quantum states in reality are non-maximal entangled states due to environmental coupling in preparation and transmission.A controlled method is presented for N-particle partly entangled state teleportation using non-maximally entangled quantum channel.In the proposed approach,a non-maximally entangled(N+2)-particle state is utilized as the quantum channel,one of the particles is selected as the controlling particle.The sender makes Bell states measurement once,Hadamard operations and |0〉 |1〉states measurements for N-1 times,and the controller performs a Hadamard measurement,whereafter the receiver makes appropriate unitary transformations and necessary projection measurements based on the sender's and controller's measurement results,then the controlled teleportation of N-particle unknown quantum state is achieved.The method is a controlled quantum teleportation scheme based on non-maximally entangled state with certain odds and the success probability is 2|a|2.
The conventional approaches to controll quantum teleportation were based on maximally entangled quantum states.However,most of quantum states in reality were non-maximal entangled states due to environmental coupling in the preparation and transmission.A new method to controll quantum teleportation was presented by non-maximally entangled quantum channel.In the proposed approach,a non-maximally entangled 5-particle state was utilized as the quantum channel,one of the particles was selected as the controlling particle.The sender Alice makes Bell states measurement once and Hadamard measurements twice,and the controller Charlie performes an Hadamard measurement,so the receiver could get the quantum state which Alice wanted to send by performing appropriate unitary transformations determined by the sender and controller′s measurement results transmitted via classical channel.The scheme was a controlled quantum teleportation based on non-maximally entangled state with certain probabilisity and could be applied to remote quantum computation,quantum telecloning and quantum remote control.