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arXiv:cond-mat/9901151 · Europhysics Letters (EPL)

A remark on integrability of stochastic systems solvable by matrix product ansatz

Vahid Karimipour

Published Aug 15, 1999• 10 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Within the Matrix Product Formalism we have already introduced a multi-species exclusion process ( Phys. Rev. E , 59 (1999) 25, cond-mat/9809193), in which different particles hop with different rates and fast particles stochastically overtake slow ones. In this letter we show that on an open chain, the master equation of this process can be exactly solved via the coordinate Bethe ansatz. It is shown that the N -body S -matrix of this process is factorized into a product of two-body S -matrices, which in turn satisfy the quantum Yang-Baxter equation (QYBE). This solution is, to our knowledge, a new solution of QYBE.

DOI
10.1209/epl/i1999-00416-x

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Within the Matrix Product Formalism we have already introduced a multi-species exclusion process ( Phys. Rev. E , 59 (1999) 25, cond-mat/9809193), in which different particles hop with different rates and fast particles stochastically overtake slow ones. In this letter we show that on an open chain, the master equation of this process can be exactly solved via the coordinate Bethe ansatz. It is shown that the N -body S -matrix of this process is factorized into a product of two-body S -matrices, which in turn satisfy the quantum Yang-Baxter equation (QYBE). This solution is, to our knowledge, a new solution of QYBE.
We propose a dynamical matrix product ansatz describing the stochastic dynamics of two species of particles with excluded-volume interaction and the quantum mechanics of the associated quantum spin chains, respectively. The time-dependent algebra which is obtained from the action of the Markov generator of the exclusion process (or quantum Hamiltonian of the spin chain, respectively) is given in terms of a set of quadratic relations. By analysing the permutation consistency of the induced cubic relations, we obtain sufficient conditions on the hopping rates (i.e. the quantum mechanical interaction constants) which allow us to identify integrable models. From the dynamical algebra we construct the quadratic algebra of Zamolodchikov type, the associativity of which is a Yang–Baxter equation. We also obtain directly from the dynamical matrix product ansatz the Bethe ansatz equations for the spectra of these models.
The exact solution of the asymmetric exclusion problem and several of its generalizations is obtained by a matrix product ansatz. Due to the similarity of the master equation and the Schrodinger equation at imaginary times the solution of these problems reduces to the diagonalization of a one dimensional quantum Hamiltonian. Initially, we present the solution of the problem when an arbitrary mixture of molecules, each of then having an arbitrary size (s = 0; 1; 2; ...) in units of lattice spacing, diffuses asymmetrically on the lattice. The solution of the more general problem where we have the diffusion of particles belonging to N distinct classes of particles (c = 1; ... ; N), with hierarchical order and arbitrary sizes, is also presented. Our matrix product ansatz asserts that the amplitudes of an arbitrary eigenfunction of the associated quantum Hamiltonian can be expressed by a product of matrices. The algebraic properties of the matrices defining the ansatz depend on the particular associated Hamiltonian. The absence of contradictions in the algebraic relations defining the algebra ensures the exact integrability of the model. In the case of particles distributed in N > 2 classes, the associativity of this algebra implies the Yang-Baxter relations of the exact integrable model.
We consider a process in which there are two types of particles, A and B, on an infinite one-dimensional lattice. The particles hop to their adjacent sites, like the totally asymmetric exclusion process (ASEP), and have also the following interactions: A+B-->B+B and B+A-->B+B, which all occur with equal rate. We study this process by imposing four boundary conditions on the ASEP master equation. It is shown that this model is integrable, in the sense that its N-particle S matrix is factorized into a product of two-particle S matrices and, more importantly, the two-particle S matrix satisfies the quantum Yang-Baxter equation. Using the coordinate Bethe-ansatz, the N-particle wave functions and the two-particle conditional probabilities are found exactly. Further, by imposing four reasonable physical conditions on two-species diffusion-reaction processes (where the most important ones are the equality of the reaction rates and the conservation of the number of particles in each reaction), we show that among the 4096 types of interactions which have these properties and can be modeled by a master equation and an appropriate set of boundary conditions, there are only 28 independent interactions which are integrable. We find all these interactions and also their corresponding wave functions. Some of these may be new solutions of the quantum Yang-Baxter equation.
Abstract We work towards the classification of all one-dimensional exclusion processes with two species of particles that can be solved by a nested coordinate Bethe ansatz (BA). Using the Yang–Baxter equations, we obtain conditions on the model parameters that ensure that the underlying system is integrable. Three classes of integrable models are thus found. Of these, two classes are well known in literature, but the third has not been studied until recently, and never in the context of the BA. The Bethe equations are derived for the latter model as well as for the associated dynamics encoding the large deviation of the currents.
Recently it was shown that the eigenfunctions for the the asymmetric exclusion problem and several of its generalizations as well as a huge family of quantum chains, like the anisotropic Heisenberg model, Fateev- Zamolodchikov model, Izergin-Korepin model, Sutherland model, t-J model, Hubbard model, etc, can be expressed by a matrix product ansatz. Differently from the coordinate Bethe ansatz, where the eigenvalues and eigenvectors are plane wave combinations, in this ansatz the components of the eigenfunctions are obtained through the algebraic properties of properly defined matrices. In this work, we introduce a formulation of a matrix product ansatz for the six-vertex model with periodic boundary condition, which is the paradigmatic example of integrability in two dimensions. Remarkably, our studies of the six-vertex model are in agreement with the conjecture that all models exactly solved by the Bethe ansatz can also be solved by an appropriated matrix product ansatz.
We show that the stochastic dynamics of a large class of one-dimensional interacting particle systems may be presented by integrable quantum spin Hamiltonians. Using the Bethe ansatz and similarity transformations this yields new exact results. In a complementary approach we generalize previous work and present a new description of these and other processes and the related quantum chains in terms of an operator algebra with quadratic relations. The full solution of the master equation of the process is thus turned into the problem of finding representations of this algebra. We find a two-dimensional time-dependent representation of the algebra for the symmetric exclusion process with open boundary conditions. We obtain new results on the dynamics of this system and on the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the corresponding quantum spin chain, which is the isotropic Heisenberg ferromagnet with non-diagonal boundary fields.