Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations

F. Schlögl

Z. Abuali, F. H. Kamin, Ricardo J. S. Afonso +2 more

David Scheer, Jonas Völler, Fabian Hassler

In the field of superconducting electronics, the on-chip generation of AC radiation is essential for further advancements. Although a Josephson junction can emit AC radiation from a purely DC voltage bias, the coherence of this radiation is significantly limited by Johnson-Nyquist noise. We relate this limitation to the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) in the field of stochastic thermodynamics. Recent findings indicate that the thermodynamic uncertainty relation can be broken by a classical pendulum clock. We demonstrate how the violation of the TUR can be used as a design principle for radiation sources by showing that a superconducting clock circuit emits coherent AC radiation from a DC bias.

Masanori Ohya, Dėnes Petz

Hritick Raj Hazarika, A Saravanan

Abstract In this work, we experimentally investigate the lower bound of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) using a quantum Maxwell’s demon, specifically modeled as a Szilard engine. A quantum circuit representing the Szilard engine was designed and implemented on an IBM quantum computer that showcases the integration of quantum information processing. The circuit was executed multiple times to extract currents associated with various thermodynamic quantities, allowing for an estimation of the thermodynamic uncertainty product. TUR establishes a universal trade-off between the precision of thermodynamic currents (such as heat, work, or entropy) and entropy production rate in non-equilibrium systems, placing a universal bound on their fluctuations. Our findings indicate that the TUR’s lower bound is upheld in the quantum regime, with the uncertainty product consistently exceeding the theoretical limit of two. This result reaffirms the robustness of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation in quantum thermodynamic systems.

Branislav Mamojka