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arXiv:cond-mat/9802199

Quantum Phase Transitions and Particle-Hole Pair Transport in Capacitively Coupled Josephson-Junction Chains

Mahn‐Soo Choi, M. Y. Choi, Sung‐Ik Lee

Published Feb 19, 1998• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We consider two chains of ultrasmall Josephson junctions, coupled capacitively with each other, and investigate the transport of particle-hole pairs and the quantum phase transitions at zero temperature. For appropriate parameter ranges, the particle-hole pairs are found to play major roles in transport phenomena; condensation of such pairs leads to the superconducting state, displaying perfect drag of supercurrents along the two chains.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/9802199

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We consider two chains of ultrasmall Josephson junctions, coupled capacitively with each other, and investigate the transport of particle-hole pairs and the quantum phase transitions at zero temperature. For appropriate parameter ranges, the particle-hole pairs are found to play major roles in transport phenomena; condensation of such pairs leads to the superconducting state, displaying perfect drag of supercurrents along the two chains.
The supercurrent of a Josephson junction is reduced by phase diffusion. For ultrasmall capacitance junctions the current may be further decreased by Coulomb blockade effects. We calculate the Cooper pair current by means of time-dependent perturbation theory to all orders in the Josephson coupling energy and obtain the current-voltage characteristic in closed form in a range of parameters of experimental interest. The results comprehend phase diffusion of the coherent Josephson current in the classical regime as well as the supercurrent peak due to incoherent Cooper pair tunneling in the Coulomb blockade regime.
We study the zero-temperature phase diagram of a dissipationless and disorder-free Josephson junction chain. Namely, we determine the critical Josephson energy below which the chain becomes insulating as a function of the ratio of two capacitances: the capacitance of each Josephson junction and the capacitance between each superconducting island and the ground. We develop an imaginary-time path integral quantum Monte Carlo algorithm in the charge representation, which enables us to efficiently handle the electrostatic part of the chain Hamiltonian. We find that a large part of the phase diagram is determined by anharmonic corrections which are not captured by the standard Kosterlitz-Thouless renormalization group description of the transition.
In this work we study quantum phase transitions and persistent currents in capacitively coupled one-dimensional Josephson-junction arrays. We will focus particularly on the roles of excitonlike pairs in the strong-coupling limit in the presence of external gate charges and magnetic fluxes. We use the numerical density-matrix renormalization group method for the study in the full range of values of gate charge and magnetic flux. To clarify the various effects, we report the pair correlation functions and exciton densities as well as the persistent current.
We investigate Cooper-pair tunneling in a circuit consisting of two dc-superconducting quantum interference devices in series, with a gate capacitively coupled to the central island. Measurements cover a wide range of values of the ratio between Josephson coupling energy EJ{E}_{J}EJ​ and charging energy EC{E}_{C}EC​. The EJEC\frac{{E}_{J}}{{E}_{C}}EC​EJ​​ ratio dependence of the supercurrent is well described by the orthodox theory provided that strong fluctuations of the Josephson phase due to the electromagnetic environment are taken into account. Our data can be interpreted in terms of squeezing of the charge fluctuations with decreasing EJEC\frac{{E}_{J}}{{E}_{C}}EC​EJ​​ ratio.
We studied current-voltage characteristics of long one-dimensional Josephson junction chains with Josephson energy much larger than charging energy, ${E}_{J}\ensuremath{\gg}{E}_{C}$. In this regime, typical I-V curves of the samples consist of a supercurrent-like branch at low-bias voltages followed by a voltage-independent chain current branch, Ichain{I}_{\mathrm{chain}}Ichain​ at high bias. Our experiments showed that Ichain{I}_{\mathrm{chain}}Ichain​ is not only voltage-independent but it is also practically temperature-independent up to T=0.7TCT=0.7{T}_{C}T=0.7TC​. We have successfully model the transport properties in these chains using a capacitively shunted junction model with nonlinear damping.