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arXiv:cond-mat/9712069 · Physical Review A

Non-ground-state Bose-Einstein condensates of trapped atoms

Vyacheslav I. Yukalov, Elizaveta P. Yukalova, Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato

Published Dec 1, 1997• 110 citations
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Abstract

The possibility of creating a Bose condensate of trapped atoms in a non-ground-state is suggested. Such a nonequilibrium Bose condensate can be formed if one first obtains the conventional Bose condensate in the ground state and then transfers the condensed atoms to a non-ground-state by means of a resonance pumping. The properties of ground and non-ground-states are compared and plausible applications of such nonequilibrium condensates are discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.56.4845

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The possibility of creating a Bose condensate of trapped atoms in a non-ground-state is suggested. Such a nonequilibrium Bose condensate can be formed if one first obtains the conventional Bose condensate in the ground state and then transfers the condensed atoms to a non-ground-state by means of a resonance pumping. The properties of ground and non-ground-states are compared and plausible applications of such nonequilibrium condensates are discussed.
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We study properties of the ground state of a bosonic gas of atoms in a tight trap. The atoms interact via model molecular potentials that may have either positive or negative scattering lengths. We discuss the possibility of Bose-Einstein condensation in such a system. We show that when the size of the trap becomes comparable to the correlation length of the condensate, stable Bose-Einstein condensation might occur independent of the sign of the scattering length. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
A technique is proposed for creating nonground-state Bose-Einstein condensates in a trapping potential by means of the temporal modulation of atomic interactions. Applying a time-dependent spatially homogeneous magnetic field modifies the atomic scattering length. A modulation of the scattering length excites the condensate, which, under special conditions, can be transferred to an excited nonlinear coherent mode. It is shown that a phase-transition-like behavior occurs in the time-averaged population imbalance between the ground and excited states. The application of the technique is analyzed and it is shown that the considered effect can be realized for experimentally available condensates.