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arXiv:cond-mat/9711202 · Nuclear Physics B

Low-energy excitations in two-leg and three-leg quantum spin ladders

Ikuo Ichinose, Yasuyuki Kayama

Published Jul 1, 1998• 4 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/s0550-3213(98)00207-7

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The energy spectra and low-temperature magnetic properties of two one-dimensional Heisenberg mixed spin (s = 1, 1/2) systems, namely decorated two-leg mixed spin ladders with the lattice topology of polyacene, are studied. The gapless character of the exact excitation energy spectra for both ladder models has been determined. We found numerically that the model with macroscopic ground state spin S0 has gapped excitations with the spin S > S0. This leads to the appearance of an intermediate plateau in field dependence of magnetization at low temperatures. We have shown that the ladder with equal coupling in legs has the maximal size of this plateau at the same coupling in rungs. For a mixed spin ladder model with Ising interactions in legs, the appearance of two intermediate magnetization plateaus at low temperatures and some values of coupling parameters was shown.
In the present paper, we propose a mean-field approach for spin ladders based upon the Jordan-Wigner transformation along an elaborately ordered path. We show on the mean-field level that ladders with even-numbered legs open an energy gap in their low-energy excitation with a magnitude close to the corresponding experimental values, whereas the low-energy excitation of the odd-numbered-leg ladders are gapless. It supports the validity of our approach. We then calculate the gap size and the excitation spectra of a two-leg-ladder system. Our result is in good agreement with both the experimental data and the numerical results.