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arXiv:cond-mat/9709102 · Physical Review Letters

The Hubbard Quantum Wire

You‐Quan Li, Christian Gruber

Published Feb 2, 1998• 14 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

By introducing a boundary condition for the quantum wire, the Hubbard model is solved exactly by means of the Bethe ansatz. The wave function for the bounded state is clearly defined, and the secular equation for the spectrum is exactly obtained. The ground state and low-lying excited states are studied in the thermodynamic limit. The ground-state energy in the strong coupling limit is obtained explicitly, and compared with the results of a periodic boundary condition.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.80.1034

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By introducing a boundary condition for the quantum wire, the Hubbard model is solved exactly by means of the Bethe ansatz. The wave function for the bounded state is clearly defined, and the secular equation for the spectrum is exactly obtained. The ground state and low-lying excited states are studied in the thermodynamic limit. The ground-state energy in the strong coupling limit is obtained explicitly, and compared with the results of a periodic boundary condition.
In this study, we explore the precise physical quantities in the thermodynamic limit of the one-dimensional Hubbard model with nonparallel boundary magnetic fields based on the off-diagonal Bethe ansatz solution. A particular emphasis is placed on the half-filling condition to investigate the distinct patterns of Bethe roots in the reduced Bethe ansatz equations for different boundary parameters. The ground state of the system can be divided into five regions according to the distribution of Bethe roots. By analyzing these patterns, we calculate the densities of states, ground-state energy density, and surface energy. The results reveal the existence of stable-boundary bound states, which are dependent on specific constraints regarding the boundary magnetic fields.
The Hubbard model with boundary hopping integrals and fields is proposed and solved exactly by means of the Bethe ansatz method. We find that for certain values of the boundary hopping integrals and fields the ground state contains boundary bound states, these new types of states are represented as "boundary charge and spin strings". We show that the boundary bound states are realized at a strong boundary interaction for large values of the boundary hopping integrals or the boundary fields. The magnetic moment and charge of the boundary have been calculated numerically as a function of the magnetic field and band filling. It is found that the "boundary charge strings" solutions define the properties of the boundary.
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