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arXiv:cond-mat/9509134 · Lecture notes in physics. M, Monographs

Quantum Electron Liquids and High-T c Superconductivity

J. González, Miguel Angel Martin-Delgado, Germán Sierra, María A. H. Vozmediano

Published Jan 1, 1995• 72 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/978-3-540-47678-8

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A simple model description is proposed for the superconducting state of a highly correlated, homogeneous electron liquid. The mathematical apparatus is based on the method of the (u,v)-transformation and the basic inclusion of correlation effects. It is demonstrated that the existence of the superconducting phase is attributable to lag effects, which induce an effective attraction between electrons having momenta close to the Fermi momentum. The characteristics of the superconducting phase are investigated as functions of the nonideality parameter.
Liquid and gas are distinct in their extent of dynamic atomic correlations; in gas atoms are almost uncorrelated whereas they are strongly correlated in liquid. This distinction applies also to electronic systems. Fermi liquids are actually gas-like, whereas strongly correlated electrons are liquid-like. Doped Mott insulators share characteristics with supercooled liquids. Such distinctions have important implications on superconductivity. We discuss the evolution of dynamic atomic correlations in liquid with temperature, and a possible effect of dynamic correlations on the high-temperature superconductivity in the cuprates.
Conditions at which a quasi-one-dimensional (1D) electron system can be considered as a quantum liquid of impenetrable charged particles are theoretically analyzed. In the presence of an inert, neutralizing background, a motion of impenetrable electrons is shown to expose a positive charge, resulting in an effective mutual attraction of infinite range. As a result, all electrons are involved in the long-range pairing. A model of spinless fermions with infinitesimal attraction of infinite range is proposed to describe the excitation spectrum and the superconducting gap in low-density 1D electron channels. In contrast with the conventional theory, the energy gap does not contain exponentially small factors. It depends mostly on the Coulombic parameters of the system, which guides practical aspects of high-temperature superconductivity.