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arXiv:cond-mat/0611454 · Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

A note on the high temperature expansion of the density matrix for the isotropic Heisenberg chain

Zengo Tsuboi

Published Dec 5, 2006• 5 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.physa.2006.11.018

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Recently, Göhmann, Klümper and Seel have derived novel integral formulae for the correlation functions of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain at finite temperature. We have found that the high temperature expansion (HTE) technique can be effectively applied to evaluate these integral formulae. Actually, as for the emptiness formation probability P ( n ) of the isotropic Heisenberg chain, we have found a general formula of the HTE for P ( n ) with arbitrary up to O (( J / T ) 4 ). If we fix a magnetic field to a certain value, we can calculate the HTE to much higher order. For example, the order up to O (( J / T ) 42 ) has been achieved in the case of P (3) when h = 0. We have compared these HTE results with the data by quantum Monte Carlo simulations. They exhibit excellent agreement.
The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method is applied to the anisotropic Heisenberg chain at finite temperatures. The free energy of the system is obtained using the quantum transfer matrix which is iteratively enlarged in the imaginary time direction. The magnetic susceptibility and the specific heat are calculated down to T=0.01J and compared with the Bethe ansatz results. The agreement including the logarithmic correction in the magnetic susceptibility at the isotropic point is fairly good.
The anisotropic nearest-neighbour Heisenberg model for the simple cubic lattice has been investigated by interpolating the anisotropy between the Ising and isotropic Heisenberg limits via general spin high-temperature series expansions of the zero-field suspectibility. This is done by estimating the critical temperature (Tc(3)) and the susceptibility exponent γ from the analysis of the series by the Ratio and Pade approximants methods. It is noted that Tc(3) varies with anisotropy while γ is almost the same for the anisotropic system, and a jump in it occurs for the isotropic case in agreement with the universality hypothesis. The effect of anisotropy on the susceptibility is also shown. Further, it is seen that estimates of γ for the two extreme limits agree well with those of previous theoretical as well as experimental investigations. In addition, critical temperatures have been summarised in a relation, and expressions for the magnetisation have been derived.