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arXiv:cond-mat/0610047 · Europhysics Letters (EPL)

A ring accelerator for matter-wave solitons

Alicia V. Carpentier, Humberto Michinel

Published Mar 12, 2007• 17 citations
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Abstract

We describe a new technique to accelerate and control a confined cloud of ultracold neutral atoms. In our configuration, a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a ring is accelerated by using an amplitude-modulated optical potential. The spreading of the atomic cloud is avoided by an adequate tuning of the scattering length. We also discuss other variations that offer new possibilities of robust control of atomic solitons. Our numerical results show that this cold matter accelerator is easily accessible in the frame of current experiments.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/78/10002

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We describe a new technique to accelerate and control a confined cloud of ultracold neutral atoms. In our configuration, a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a ring is accelerated by using an amplitude-modulated optical potential. The spreading of the atomic cloud is avoided by an adequate tuning of the scattering length. We also discuss other variations that offer new possibilities of robust control of atomic solitons. Our numerical results show that this cold matter accelerator is easily accessible in the frame of current experiments.
We demonstrate, through numerical simulations, the controllable emission of matter-wave bursts from a Bose-Einstein condensate in a shallow optical dipole trap. The process is triggered by spatial variations of the scattering length along the trapping axis. In our approach, the outcoupling mechanisms are atom-atom interactions and thus, the trap remains unaltered. Once emitted, the matter wave forms a robust soliton. We calculate analytically the parameters for the experimental implementation of these matter-wave bursts of solitons.
We describe controllable and precise laser tweezers for Bose–Einstein condensates of ultracold atomic gases. In our configuration, a laser beam is used to locally modify the sign of the scattering length in the vicinity of a trapped BEC. The induced attractive interactions between atoms allow us to extract and transport a controllable number of atoms. We analyze, through numerical simulations, the number of emitted atoms as a function of the width and intensity of the outcoupling beam. We also study different configurations of our system, as the use of moving beams. The main advantage of using the control laser beam to modify the nonlinear interactions in comparison to the usual way of inducing optical forces, i.e. through linear trapping potentials, is to improve the controllability of the outcoupled solitary wave-packet, which opens new possibilities for engineering macroscopic quantum states.
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Abstract Some of the most sensitive and precise measurements—for example, of inertia1, gravity2 and rotation3—are based on matter-wave interferometry with free-falling atomic clouds. To achieve very high sensitivities, the interrogation time has to be very long, and consequently the experimental apparatus needs to be very tall (in some cases reaching ten or even one hundred metres) or the experiments must be performed in microgravity in space4–7. Cancelling gravitational acceleration (for example, in atomtronic circuits8, 9 and matter-wave guides10) is expected to result in compact devices with extended interrogation times and therefore increased sensitivity. Here we demonstrate smooth and controllable matter-wave guides by transporting Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) over macroscopic distances. We use a neutral-atom accelerator ring to bring BECs to very high speeds (16 times their sound velocity) and transport them in a magnetic matter-wave guide for 15 centimetres while fully preserving their internal coherence. The resulting high angular momentum of more than 40, 000ħ per atom (where ħ is the reduced Planck constant) gives access to the higher Landau levels of quantum Hall states, and the hypersonic velocities achieved, combined with our ability to control potentials with picokelvin precision, will facilitate the study of superfluidity and give rise to tunnelling and a large range of transport regimes of ultracold atoms11–13. Coherent matter-wave guides are expected to enable interaction times of several seconds in highly compact devices and lead to portable guided-atom interferometers for applications such as inertial navigation and gravity mapping.