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arXiv:cond-mat/0512399 · Physical Review B

Incompleteness of the Thouless, Anderson, and Palmer mean-field description of the spin-glass phase

V. Janiš

Published Aug 16, 2006• 4 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We analyze the low-temperature behavior of mean-field equations of Thouless, Anderson, and Palmer (TAP). We demonstrate that degeneracy in free energy makes the low-temperature TAP states unstable. Different solutions of the TAP equations, independent in the TAP approach, become coupled if an infinitesimal interaction between them is introduced. By means of real spin replicas we derive a self-averaging free energy free of unstable states with local magnetizations and homogeneous overlap susceptibilities between different spin replicas as order parameters. We thereby extend the TAP approach to a consistent description of the spin-glass phase for all configurations of spin exchange with (marginally) stable and thermodynamically homogeneous free energy.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.74.054207

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We analyze the low-temperature behavior of mean-field equations of Thouless, Anderson, and Palmer (TAP). We demonstrate that degeneracy in free energy makes the low-temperature TAP states unstable. Different solutions of the TAP equations, independent in the TAP approach, become coupled if an infinitesimal interaction between them is introduced. By means of real spin replicas we derive a self-averaging free energy free of unstable states with local magnetizations and homogeneous overlap susceptibilities between different spin replicas as order parameters. We thereby extend the TAP approach to a consistent description of the spin-glass phase for all configurations of spin exchange with (marginally) stable and thermodynamically homogeneous free energy.
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We prove the equivalence between the dynamic mean-field theory of the Ising spin-glass and the statistical-mechanical theory of Thouless, Anderson, and Palmer (TAP). Individual low-free-energy TAP solutions describe short-time properties, whereas thermodynamic equilibrium corresponds to averaging over all such solutions. The square of the staggered magnetization associated with the largest eigenvalue of the interaction matrix scales as N56{N}^{\frac{5}{6}}N65​ (NNN is the number of spins). Results are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulation and numerical solution of the TAP equations.
We derive Thouless-Anderson-Palmer (TAP) equations for quantum disordered systems. We apply them to the study of the paramagnetic and glassy phases of a quantum extension of the spherical p spin-glass model. We generalize several useful quantities (complexity, threshold level, etc.) and various ideas (configurational entropy crisis, etc.) that have been developed within the classical TAP approach to quantum systems. The analysis of the quantum TAP equations allows us to show that the phase diagram (temperature versus quantum parameter) of the p spin-glass model should be generic. In particular, we argue that a crossover from a second-order thermodynamic transition close to the classical critical point to a first-order thermodynamic transition close to the quantum critical point is to be expected in a large class of systems.
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High-temperature expansions performed at a fixed-order parameter provide a simple and systematic way to derive and correct mean-field theories for statistical mechanical models. For models like spin glasses which have general couplings between spins, the authors show that these expansions generate the Thouless-Anderson-Palmer equations at low order. They explicitly calculate the corrections to TAP theory for these models. For ferromagnetic models, they show that their expansions can easily be converted into 1/d expansions around mean-field theory, where d is the number of spatial dimensions. Only a small finite number of graphs need to be calculated to generate each order in 1/d for thermodynamic quantities like free energy or magnetization. Unlike previous 1/d expansions, the expansions are valid in the low-temperature phases of the models considered. They consider alternative ways to expand around mean-field theory besides 1/d expansions. In contrast to the 1/d expansion for the critical temperature, which is presumably asymptotic, these schemes can be used to devise convergent expansions for the critical temperature. They also appear to give convergent series for thermodynamic quantities and critical exponents. They test the schemes using the spherical model, where their properties can be studied using exact expressions.