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arXiv:cond-mat/0510042 · Physical Review B

Inhomogeneous charge textures stabilized by electron-phonon interactions in the t−J model

José A. Riera, Adriana Moreo

Published Jan 19, 2006• 5 citations
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Abstract

We study the effect of diagonal and off-diagonal electron-phonon coupling in the ground state properties of the $t\text{\ensuremath{-}}J$ model. Adiabatic and quantum phonons are considered using Lanczos techniques. Charge tiles and stripe phases with mobile holes (localized holes) are observed at intermediate (large) values of the diagonal electron-phonon coupling. The stripes are stabilized by half-breathing modes, while the tiles arise due to the development of extended breathing modes. Off-diagonal terms destabilize the charge inhomogeneous structures with mobile holes by renormalizing the diagonal coupling but do not produce new phases. Buckling modes are also studied and they seem to induce a gradual phase separation between hole rich and hole poor regions. The pairing correlations are strongly suppressed when the holes are localized. However, in charge inhomogeneous states with mobile holes no dramatic changes, compared with the uniform state, are observed in the pairing correlations indicating that D-wave pairing and moderate electron-phonon interactions can coexist.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.73.014518

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We study the effect of diagonal and off-diagonal electron-phonon coupling in the ground state properties of the t\ensuremath-Jt\text{\ensuremath{-}}Jt\ensuremath-J model. Adiabatic and quantum phonons are considered using Lanczos techniques. Charge tiles and stripe phases with mobile holes (localized holes) are observed at intermediate (large) values of the diagonal electron-phonon coupling. The stripes are stabilized by half-breathing modes, while the tiles arise due to the development of extended breathing modes. Off-diagonal terms destabilize the charge inhomogeneous structures with mobile holes by renormalizing the diagonal coupling but do not produce new phases. Buckling modes are also studied and they seem to induce a gradual phase separation between hole rich and hole poor regions. The pairing correlations are strongly suppressed when the holes are localized. However, in charge inhomogeneous states with mobile holes no dramatic changes, compared with the uniform state, are observed in the pairing correlations indicating that D-wave pairing and moderate electron-phonon interactions can coexist.
The effects of adiabatic phonons on a spin-fermion model for high Tc{T}_{c}Tc​ cuprates are studied using numerical simulations. In the absence of electron-phonon interactions (EPI), stripes in the ground state are observed [C. Buhler, S. Yunoki, and A. Moreo, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2690 (2000); Phys. Rev. B. 62, R3620 (2000)] for certain dopings while homogeneous states are stabilized in other regions of parameter space. Different modes of adiabatic phonons are added to the Hamiltonian: breathing, shear, and half-breathing modes. Diagonal and off-diagonal electron-phonon couplings are considered. It is observed that strong diagonal EPI generate stripes in previously homogeneous states, while in striped ground states an increase in the diagonal couplings tends to stabilize the stripes, inducing a gap in the density of states (DOS) and rendering the ground state insulating. The off-diagonal terms, on the other hand, destabilize the stripes creating inhomogeneous ground states with a pseudogap at the chemical potential in the DOS. The breathing mode stabilizes static diagonal stripes; while the half-breathing (shear) modes stabilize dynamical (localized) vertical and horizontal stripes. The EPI induces decoherence of the quasiparticle peaks in the spectral functions.
We carry out the variational Monte Carlo calculation to examine spatially inhomogeneous states in hole- and electron-doped cuprates. By using Gutzwiller approximation, we consider the excitations, arising from charge density, spin density and pair field, of the mean-field ground state of the t-J model. It leads to the stripe patterns we have found numerically in a generalized t-J-type model including mass renormalization from the electron-phonon coupling. In the hole-doped side, a robust d-wave superconducting order results in the formation of the half-doped antiferromagnetic resonating-valence-bond (AF-RVB) stripes shown by the well-known Yamada plot. On the other hand, due to a long-range AF order in electron-doped materials, a stripe structure with the "in-phase" magnetic domain (IPMD) is obtained in the underdoped regime instead of the AF-RVB stripe. The IPMD stripe with the largest period permitted by lattice size is stabilized near the underdoped region and it excludes the Yamada plot from electron-doped cases. Based on finite lattice size to which we can reach, the existence of IPMD stripes may imply an electronic phase separation into an electron-rich and an insulating half-filled AF long-range ordered domains in electron-doped compounds.
We present exact results for the ground-state properties of the two-dimensional single-hole Peierls t-J model on finite square lattices, up to 18 effective sites in size. Using a Lanczos technique for unrestricted energy minimization with respect to local lattice distortions, we study the competition between intrasite electron-phonon and intersite antiferromagnetic (AFM) exchange coupling on the hole state over a wide range of interaction strengths. The structure of the doping state is examined by calculating local expectation values of spin and electron densities as well as magnetic and charge correlation functions. As the local electron-phonon interaction increases, we find a self-trapping transition from a delocalized hole (polaronlike) state to a mainly localized hole state. Despite a weak lattice distortion the delocalized case has similar properties to the ground state of the pure t-J model, whereas the localized hole state exhibits strong local lattice distortion and a quenched magnetic moment coupled ferromagnetically to an otherwise unperturbed AFM background. Aspects of the phase diagram are discussed.
We carry out the variational Monte Carlo calculation to examine spatially inhomogeneous states in hole- and electron-doped cuprates. By using Gutzwiller approximation, we consider the excitations, arising from charge density, spin density, and pair field, of the mean-field ground state of the ttt-JJJ model. It leads to the stripe patterns we have found numerically in a generalized ttt-JJJ-type model including mass renormalization from the electron-phonon coupling. In the hole-doped side, a robust ddd-wave superconducting order results in the formation of the half-doped antiferromagnetic resonating-valence-bond (AF-RVB) stripes shown by the well-known Yamada plot. On the other hand, due to a long-range AF order in electron-doped materials, a stripe structure with the ``in-phase'' magnetic domain (IPMD) is obtained in the underdoped regime instead of the AF-RVB stripe. The IPMD stripe with the largest period permitted by lattice size is stabilized near the underdoped region and it excludes the Yamada plot from electron-doped cases. Based on finite lattice size to which we can reach, the existence of IPMD stripes may imply an electronic phase separation into an electron-rich and an insulating half-filled AF long-range ordered domains in electron-doped compounds.
Polaronic effects are investigated in the two-dimensional t − J model (describing Cu spins and holes of the planes in high- T c cuprates) in the presence of in-plane dynamic oxygen breathing modes. We focus on the effect of dynamic multi-phonon modes. Spin and charge structure factors are computed. We found evidence for self-localization of the holes and increased short-range antiferromagnetic spin-spin correlations between the remaining spins. This effect persists when all the in-plane oxygen vibration degrees of freedom are taken into account. This suggests that dynamic phonons could play a key role in stabilizing inhomogeneous stripe phases or domain wall structures.
We study a two-dimensional $t\ensuremath{-}J$ model close to the Ising limit in which charge inhomogeneity is stabilized by an on-site potential es,{e}_{s},es​, by using diagonalization in a restricted Hilbert space and finite temperature quantum Monte Carlo techniques. Both site- and bond-centered stripes are considered and their similitudes and differences are analyzed. The amplitude of charge inhomogeneity is studied as ${e}_{s}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0.$ Moreover, we show that the antiphase domain ordering occurs at a much lower temperature than the formation of charge inhomogeneities and charge localization. Hole-hole correlations indicate a metallic behavior of the stripes with no signs of hole attraction. Kinetic energies and current susceptibilities are computed and indications of charge localization are discussed. The study of the doping dependence in the range 0.083< x< 0.1670.083<~x<~0.1670.083< x< 0.167 suggests that these features are characteristic of the whole underdoped region.