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arXiv:cond-mat/0508342 · Physical Review A

Atomic Josephson vortices

V. M. Kaurov, Anatoly B. Kuklov

Published Jan 30, 2006• 49 citations
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Abstract

We show that Josephson vortices in a quasi-one-dimensional atomic Bose Josephson junction can be controllably manipulated by imposing a difference of chemical potentials on the atomic Bose-Einstein condensate waveguides forming the junction. This effect, which has its origin in the Berry phase structure of a vortex, turns out to be very robust in the whole range of the parameters where such vortices can exist. We also propose that a Josephson vortex can be created by the phase imprinting technique and can be identified by a specific tangential feature in the interference picture produced by expanding clouds released from the waveguides.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.73.013627

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We show that Josephson vortices in a quasi-one-dimensional atomic Bose Josephson junction can be controllably manipulated by imposing a difference of chemical potentials on the atomic Bose-Einstein condensate waveguides forming the junction. This effect, which has its origin in the Berry phase structure of a vortex, turns out to be very robust in the whole range of the parameters where such vortices can exist. We also propose that a Josephson vortex can be created by the phase imprinting technique and can be identified by a specific tangential feature in the interference picture produced by expanding clouds released from the waveguides.
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We study theoretically a generation of vortices by phase imprinting in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates. Phase imprinting is achieved by passing a short off-resonance laser pulse through an appropriately designed absorption plate, and impinging it on a condensate. We answer the fundamental question how the circulation and the vortex are introduced into the system. We discuss the possibility of multiple vortex arrays creation. Using multiple absorption plates we show that genuine vortex arrays and vortex-antivortex configurations can be created in a controlled way. We discuss vortex dynamics and interactions in such configurations. Various methods of vortex detection based on interference combined with Bragg scattering technique are also analyzed.
The control over the geometry and topology of quantum systems is crucial for advancing novel quantum technologies. This work provides a synthesis of recent insights into the behavior of quantum vortices within atomic Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) subject to curved geometric constraints. We highlight the significant impact of the curvature on the condensate density and phase distribution, particularly in quasi-one-dimensional waveguides for different angular momentum states. An engineered periodic transport of the quantized vorticity between density-coupled ring-shaped condensates is discussed. The significant role of curved geometry in shaping the dynamics of rotational Josephson vortices in long atomic Josephson junctions is illustrated for the system of vertically stacked toroidal condensates. Different methods for the controlled creation of rotational Josephson vortices in coupled ring systems are described in the context of the formation of long-lived vortex configurations in shell-shaped BECs with cylindrical geometry. Future directions of explorations of vortices in curved geometries with implications for quantum information processing and sensing technologies are discussed.
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Vortex lattices in rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates are systems of topological excitations that arrange themselves into periodic patterns. Here we show how phase-imprinting techniques can be used to create a controllable number of defects in these lattices and examine the resulting dynamics. Even though we describe our system using the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii theory, the full range of many-particle effects among the vortices can be studied. In particular we find the existence of localized vacancies that are quasistable over long periods of time and characterize the effects on the background lattice through the use of the orientational correlation function and Delaunay triangulation.